Chapter II evolution of stock exchanges
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1.1.httpsshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inbitstream10603451064chapter 2.pdf
ix) Bahrain
The emergence of the capital markets sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain dates back to 1921 following the establishment of the first branch of a commercial bank (Standard Chartered Bank). In 1957, the first Bahraini Public Shareholding Company was established. Since then, more local public shareholding companies began to operate, reaching their peak in the beginning of the 1980‘s. During this period, shares of public shareholding companies were being actively traded in a non-official market called ―Al Jowhara Market‖. As a result of a feasibility study prepared by the Government and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) highlighting the importance of establishing an official stock market in Bahrain, Amiri Decree No. 4 was issued to establish the Bahrain Stock Exchange (BSE) in 1987(BSE, n.d).
The Exchange officially commenced operations in June 1989. In 1999, the BSE installed the Automated Trading System (ATS) to carry out all the exchange‘s transactions. The Automated Trading System at the BSE is one of the most advanced trading systems used in capital markets worldwide. Such system ensures accuracy, speed, and fairness in executing transactions providing greater flexibility to operate several markets at once and list various instruments. The mechanism of the ATS can be controlled according to the rules and regulations of the BSE. Before launching the automated trading system at the BSE, trading was done manually known as ―written bidding‖ system. Using this system, the broker had to write the bid and offer orders that they receive from the investor on the trading boards at the trading floor. The transaction takes place when the prices of the bid and offer match (BSE, n.d).
The establishment of the Exchange improved the investment environment in Bahrain‘s capital market sector, increasing the number and type of investment instruments registered at the BSE. The BSE operates as an autonomous institution supervised by an independent Board of Directors, chaired by the Governor of the Central Bank of Bahrain. BSE opened up to foreign investors in 1999, as Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nationals were allowed since then to own up to 100 percent - and non-GCC investors up to 49 percent. It is also among the four GCC
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stock exchanges that participate in cross listing activities, and all its transactions are digitally processed. The BSE has been approved for demutualization by mid-2010, giving it independence from current operator the Central Bank of Bahrain - which will then become the BSE's regulator (Markets Wiki, 2010 March 8). Download 1.12 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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