2.3.2 Growth of Arab Stock Markets
In the early 1990s, many Arab countries have created stock markets, achieved
positive development, liberalized their stock markets, privatize their economies and
encouraged foreign portfolio investment. During the initial period, the stock markets
were small, with very few listed companies, low market capitalization and low
turnover of shares. The number of listed companies was 1089 with market
capitalization of $72.5 billion and trading value of $10.5 billion in the end of 1994.
Nonetheless the pace of changes has been rather gradual, market
capitalizations, and the number of listed companies as well as the value traded have
significantly increased in most countries. The total number of companies listed in the
Arab stock exchange increased in 2007 by 461 companies compared with the number
listed in 1994 (see Table 2.5). The total market capitalization increased rapidly to
reach $1338.6 billion in 2007, an increase by eighteen times (see Table 2.6).
Moreover, the value of trading increased to $ 313.5 billion in 2007 compared with
$10.5 billion in 1994 (Table 2.7).
In 2008, there was a significant decline in the performance of the Arab stock
market leading to low trading volumes, falling market capitalization and the declining
number of listing companies. The global financial crisis in 2008 had negative impact
on the performance of Arab markets, especially in the second half of 2008.
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