Chapter: lexicology and its object subject matter of Lexicology

Answer the following questions
1. What do you understand by the term «shortening»? 2. Why can't we say that shortening is a derivational word-formation? 3. What distinction is made between abbreviations and clippings. 4. What is the classification of clippings? 5. What -is the peculiarity of shortened words? 6. . What is the difference between the clipping and the original word? 7. What is the homonymy of abbreviations? 8. What do you understand by the term sound-interchange? 9. What is the distinction between vowel-interchange and consonant—interchange? 10. What is understood by the term «backfor-mation?» 11. What is the peculiarity of blending as a means of word -formation? 12. What is a splinter?


Problems for discussion
1. Discuss different definitions of morphemes.
2. Describe different types of morphemes.
3. Analyse the details of Hockett's procedure of determining morphemes.
4. Compare the principles of determining morphemes elaborated by different linguists and the resulting difference in the morphological analysis of such words as retain, contain, perceive; telephone, shilly-shally.
5. Discuss the concept of ICs and UCs in the morphological analysis. Note the confusion of inflectional and derivational morphemes in Hockett's procedure.
6. Discuss the difference between derivational suffixes and inflexions.
7. Discuss the problem of morpheme variants.
8. Compare different understanding of the term 'word-formation 1
9. Compare two levels of morphological analysis the difference between derivative relevancy analysis. (Marchand)
10. Discuss the different principles of structural words.
11. Discuss the problem oi motivation in morphemes, words and word-groups.
12. Describe different types of motivation: phonetic, morphological, semantic.
13. Discuss the problem of productivity. Note the connection o! productivity and motivation
14. Discuss the concepts of grammaticalness and acceptability of the sentence Colorless green ideas sleep furiously and the words anbad, puppycat. Note the connection between grammaticalness and productivity.
15. Discuss the diachronic and the synchronic aspects of productivity.
16. Discuss restrictions of productivity in word-formation.
17. Discuss the problem of conversion.
18. Compare different approaches to and different understandings of conversion.
19 Discuss prefixation as a means of word-formation. Note the peculiarities of prefixes used in scientific terminology.
20 Discuss suffixation as a means of word-formation
21. Discuss the origin of suffixes. Note the interdependence o! the origin of the stem and the origin of the suffix.
22. Discuss the peculiarities of the morphological structure of scien. tific and technical terms.
23. Discuss different criteria of compound words as opposed to free word-groups.
24. Discuss semantic relations between the components of a compound.
25. Discuss productive types of compound nouns, adjectives, verbs.
26. Discuss the process of back-formation and the degree of its productivity.
27. Discuss the so-called minor ways of word-formation: clipping, blending, phonetic symbolism. Discuss arguments for and against referring them to word- formation.