Contents: introduction 2

CONCLUSION
Proverbs and sayings, being part of the culture of a given people, have always remained and will remain relevant, despite the development of the economy and technology, progress, etc. At any time, proverbs and sayings will be a characteristic feature of this people, the object of attention and research.
The analysis of the collected material showed that some proverbs and sayings, traditionally presented in dictionaries and reference books as variants of larger units, are in fact completely independent sayings. So, the expression “Grandma said in two” and “Either it will rain or snow, or it will or not” are almost always used independently, and not as part of the saying “Grandma said in two, either rain or snow, either it will or not” and are not perceived as parts of one proverb. The proverbs “live a century, study a century” and “live a century, study a century, but you will die a fool” cannot be considered quantitative (i.e., differing in the number of components) variants of the same unit, since they express completely different (in essence, even antonymous) meaning, and do not correspond to the cardinal feature of the options, namely: permissibility of interchange in any contexts. Hence the need to distinguish between all four of the above forms.
After analyzing about 100 proverbs and sayings, I came to the following conclusions:
1) proverbs and sayings are ambiguous and bright. They are outside of time and outside of class division, i.e. they are pronounced by both rich people and people of the lower strata of society;
2) English proverbs and sayings are rather difficult to translate into other languages;
3) in almost any language you can find equivalents to English proverbs and sayings;
From the foregoing, it follows that any translator must have the skills to translate units of oral folk art, be able not only to translate them verbatim, but to convey their main content in a coherent and competent way.

LIST OF USED LITERATURE:

1. 
   English and Russian proverbs and sayings, M.I. Dubrovin.Moscow: Education, 2013;
   
2. 
   Russian-English dictionary of proverbs and sayings, S.S. Kuzmin, N.L. Shadrin. Moscow: Russian language, 2019;
   
3. 
   English-Russian phraseological dictionary, A.V. Kunin. 4th edition, Moscow, 2014;
   
4. 
   Winged words: their origin and meaning, N. M. Elyanova. Leningrad: Enlightenment, 2011;
   
5. 
   Workshop on the phraseology of modern English. Handbook for students of pedagogical institutes (in English).Leningrad: Enlightenment, 2011.
   
6. 
   Expressiveness of the text and translation, M.A. Kozyrev. Kazan University Publishing House, 2012.
   
7. 
   Proverbs of the Russian people. Collection of V. Dahl / V.I. Dal. - M.: Russian book, 2023. - 638 p.
   
8. 
   Oxford Concise Dictionary of Proverbs. Oxford University Press, 2022. 3. A.A. Ionina. English proverbs and sayings as a "collection of folk wisdom". Conceptual foundations of teaching foreign languages ​​in the context of the dialogue of cultures (educational and methodological materials), Brest, 2021, 146 p.
   
9. 
   Linguistic Dictionary, 2nd ed. M.: Azbukovnik, 2021. - 626 p.
   
10. 
    Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.
    
11. 
    Literary encyclopedic dictionary M.: Sov. encyclopedia, 2017. - 752 p.
    
12. 
    Buslaev F.I. Historical essays on Russian folk literature and art. SPb., 2011; T. 1.; Russian life and proverbs. - 680 p.
    
13. 
    Ozhegov S.I. Lexicology. Lexicography. A culture of speech. - M., 2014. - 285 p.
    
14. 
    Artemyeva A.G. Collection of aphorisms of the inhabitants of the Urals. Yekaterinburg, 2021. - 317 p.
    
15. 
    Archer Taylor co-authored with F. Mosher, "A Bibliographical History of Ononyms and Pseudonyms", 1951, - 265 p.
    
16. 
    Aleshchanova I.V. Citation in the newspaper text: On the material of the modern English and Russian press: dis. candidate of philological sciences: 10.02.20 / I.V. Aleshchanova. - Volgograd, 2000. - 208 p.
    
17. 
    Gavris V.I. On the issue of primary and secondary phrase-formation processes // Sat. scientific tr. Moscow state ped. in-t foreign lang. them. M. Torez. Issue. 164: Questions of word formation and phrase formation in Germanic languages. - 1980. - 180 p. . Adrianov-Perets V.P.
    
18. 
    On the history of Russian proverbs. - In the book. Collection of articles dedicated to the fortieth anniversary of academic activity of Academician A.S. Orlov. L., USSR Academy of Sciences, 1934. - 138 p.
    
19. 
    Solodub Yu.P. Journey into the world of phraseological units, - Rideout, K. Whitting, Explanatory Dictionary of English Proverbs, - St. Petersburg: Lan, 2017, - 256 p.
    

1^ Archer Taylor co-authored with F. Mosher, "A Bibliographical History of Ononyms and Pseudonyms", 1951, - 265 p.

2^ Artemyeva A.G. Collection of aphorisms of the inhabitants of the Urals. Yekaterinburg, 2021. - 317 p

3^ Ozhegov S.I. Lexicology. Lexicography. A culture of speech. - M., 2014. - 285 p.

4^ Literary encyclopedic dictionary M.: Sov. encyclopedia, 2017. - 752 p.

5^ Buslaev F.I. Historical essays on Russian folk literature and art. SPb., 2011; T. 1.; Russian life and proverbs. - 680 p.

6^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

7^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

8^ Proverbs of the Russian people. Collection of V. Dahl / V.I. Dal. - M.: Russian book, 2023. - 638 p

9^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

10^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

11^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

12^ Khvorostin D.V. English-Russian Dictionary of Linguistic Terms. - Chelyabinsk: Notes of a linguist, 2017. - 113 p.

13^ English and Russian proverbs and sayings, M.I. Dubrovin.Moscow: Education, 1993;

14^ Winged words: their origin and meaning, N. M. Elyanova. Leningrad: Enlightenment, 2011;

15^ Russian-English dictionary of proverbs and sayings, S.S. Kuzmin, N.L. Shadrin. Moscow: Russian language, 2019;

16^ Russian-English dictionary of proverbs and sayings, S.S. Kuzmin, N.L. Shadrin. Moscow: Russian language, 1989;

17^ Winged words: their origin and meaning, N. M. Elyanova. Leningrad: Enlightenment, 2011;

18^ Workshop on the phraseology of modern English. Handbook for students of pedagogical institutes (in English).Leningrad: Enlightenment, 2011.

19^ English-Russian phraseological dictionary, A.V. Kunin. 4th edition, Moscow, 2014;