Creativity, Playfulness and Linguistic Carnivalization in James Joyce’s
Joyce in the context of the Victorian Novel
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Creativity Playfulness and Linguistic Ca 4
Joyce in the context of the Victorian Novel
In distinct and numerous ways, Ulysses is a clear break in content and style from the typical Victorian novel, and, though many of the ‘new’ techniques in the book have precursors (in authors 1 For a book-length discussion, see Toolan, M. J., Narrative progression in the short story: a corpus stylistic approach, Amsterdam: Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2009. like Chekov, Hamsun, Poe, Rabelais, Sterne, Swift, to name but a few), Ulysses is considered an iconic work of modernist literature, so much so that it has even been referred to as “a demonstration and summation of the entire movement.” 2 The narrative practices that would characterize modernist literature were either invented in, epitomized by or centrally associated with Ulysses, e.g. the stream of consciousness style (or interior monolog), the cinematic technique (montage sequences, flashbacks, etc.), parallax views (i.e. the juxtaposition of events and perspectives), the so-called ‘collage’ technique, and so on. The basic distinctions are illustrated the in the schematic in Table 1: Table 1: Ulysses contrasted with the typical Victorian novel The ‘Typical’ Victorian Novel Ulysses Characters Presented from the ‘outside’ Presented from the ‘inside’ Subject Matter Realistic/Naturalistic The Characters’ minds Narrative Technique Third-person narrative Interior monologue; Stream-of- consciousness As this sketch indicates, one of Ulysses’ major preoccupations is giving a voice to the jumbled, unexpressed and often ephemeral activity of the mind and, in doing so, it exploits the potential of language in novel ways, using paradoxes, quirky imagery, interruptions, associations, symbols and slang expressions along with the impressionistic visual and auditory textures of words from a range of different dialects and registers. Aside from those features above which would necessarily affect the style of the novel and differentiate it from the majority of Joyce’s contemporaries, the conscious involvement of language itself as a major plot element in Ulysses has a central, nearly postmodern emphasis, in the book. Joyce’s fascination with language and its relation to reality is clear throughout the work (though possibly most notably in Proteus), which, according to Brivic, 3 derives from Joyce’s interest with the (linguistic) philosophy of George Berkeley: Stephen is investigating the relation of language to reality in ‘Proteus’ with the aim of going beyond what is given, and Berkely helps him here to consolidate a necessary realization. What Stephen sees himself seeing on the beach is language, a field of coded signs whose surface he searches in hope of finding the truth. The Key to this is Stephen’s description of Berkely’s achievement: “The good 2 Beebe, M., “Ulysses and the Age of Modernism”, James Joyce Quarterly (Fall 1972 )10 (1): pp. 172–88. 3 Brivic, S., The Veil of Signs: Joyce, Lacan, and Perception, Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991. bishop of Cloyne took the veil of the temple out of his shovel hat: veil of space with coloured emblems hatched on it its field. Hold hard” (Brivic, p.80). The image of the veil is used metaphorically as that which separates the material from the transcendent and if Ulysses breaks through that veil at all, it is likely due to the way he manipulates language. Download 298.07 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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