Department of english language and literature

As the first President I.A. Karimov emphasized in his book “Uzbekistan along the road of Independence and progress”

There are four path of reform and development is based:

• adherence to universal human values;

• consolidation and development of the nations spiritual heritage;

• freedom for the individuals realization;

• patriotism

The highest objective of reformation in Uzbekistan is to revive those traditions fill them with new content and set up all necessary conditions achieving peace and democracy prosperity, cultural advancement freedom of conscience and intellectual maturity for every person on earth. According to the requirement on the National Program of Personal training and reforming of highest education in the Republic of Uzbekistan it is important to make effective changes in the system of higher education.

My graduate qualification paper deals with the problems of Literary translation from Uzbek into English, namely: The difficulties of rendering some stylistic devices, the translation errors in the process of translation using rhythm and rhyme, particular qualities of rendering alliteration and assonance in translation from Uzbek into English. The beginning of the graduate qualification paper entitled 'A Brief and General Review of Translation Theory' gives a brief account of the history of translation theory. It also considers the ambiguity of the process of translation and presents a brief description of the different types of translation. Special emphasis is put on the difficulty of defining translation units because of the subjective nature of the translation process. A possible solution to this problem is suggested.

All acts of translation begin with thought investigation of the reading process. Translators by necessity read each word and sentence at least as carefully as the critic or the scholar. Even the smallest detail in a text, cannot be neglected. Therefore, it is no coincidence that almost all translators presented in this volume address the questing the reading.
William Weaver thinks through every linguistic and cultural nuance of each word in the opening paragraph of Godda Shovel. Felstiner and Middleton undertake similar detailed readings of each word firs as word and than as reflection of a larger cultural and historical context.
The philosopher Hans Gerg Gradmer in his work “To what Extent Does Language prescribe thinking” succinctly expresses the relationship between reading and translating: “Reading is already translation and translation is translation for the second time”. The process of translating comprises in its essence the whole secret of human understanding of the basic assumptions of translation studies, that all acts of communication are acts of translation.
“Reading is already translation”: through the process of reading, readers are transplanted into the atmosphere of a new situation that does not build just one clearly defined reality, but rather possibilities of various realities. Reading reestablishes the uncertainty of the word both is isolated phenomenon and is semantic possibility of a sentence, paragraph, or the context of the entire work.
Translators develop modes of thinking that reconnect them with the dynamic field of words, modes of thinking that will allow them to explore meanings associations within a word and meaning connection created by words in a specific context.