Differences in iq and Memory of Monolingual/Bilingual Children who Suffered a tbi

Statistical Analyses: Hypotheses Examined 
Hypothesis One 
It is hypothesized that bilingual children who have had a traumatic brain injury 
will have significantly lower VIQ’s compared to their own PIQ’s when controlling for 
the age when TBI was obtained. Analyses include a within subjects ANCOVA measuring 
the repeated measures for Time 1 (3 month) and Time 2 (12 month) with the dependent 
variables of VIQ and PIQ while controlling for age when TBI occurred. 
A repeated measures ANCOVA was conducted utilizing the age when TBI was 
obtained as a covariate. There were no significant main effects of time that were found, 
p’s > .05. No significant interactions were found, p’s > .05 (see table 2).

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Table 2. 
ANCOVA of Bilingual IQ Scores Across Time 
Sources of 
Variation 
SS Df MS F 
P-Value 
IQ Time 1 
32.09 
1 
32.09 
0.93 
0.37 
IQ Time 2 
25.56 
1 
25.56 
0.51 
0.50 
Age 428.88 1 428.88 
0.85 0.39 
A paired samples t-test was conducted to assess whether a significant difference 
existed between a bilingual’s VIQ at Time 1 (3 month) compared to their VIQ at Time 2 
(12 month) and their PIQ at Time 1 compared to their PIQ at Time 2. On average, 
bilingual TBI participants did not have a significant difference between their VIQ (M = 
91.11, SE = 3.94) and VIQ2 (M = 94.67, SE = 4.49), t(8) = -1.042, p = 0.33. On average, 
bilingual TBI participants did not have a significant difference between their PIQ (M = 
91.56, SE = 6.06) and PIQ2 (M = 99.56, SE = 2.46), t(8) = -1.649, p = 0.14. 
A paired samples t-test was conducted to assess whether a significant difference 
existed between a bilingual’s VIQ at Time 1 (3 month) compared to their PIQ at Time 1 
(12 month) and their VIQ at Time 2 compared to their PIQ at Time 2. On average, 
bilingual TBI participants did not have a significant difference between their VIQ (M = 
91.11, SE = 3.94) and PIQ (M = 91.56, SE = 6.06), t(8) = -0.08, p = 0.93. On average, 
bilingual TBI participants did not have a significant difference between their VIQ2 (M = 
94.67, SE = 4.49) and PIQ2 (M = 99.56, SE = 2.46), t(8) = -1.629, p = 0.14.