Figure 1.5
Input prices during the transition. At k
0
, the straight line that is tangent to the production function has a slope
that equals the rental price R
0
and an intercept that equals the wage rate
w
0
. As k rises toward k
1
, the rental price
falls toward R
1
, and the wage rate rises toward
w
1
.
Of course, R depends on k through the marginal productivity condition, f
(k) = R = r + δ.
Therefore, R, the slope of the income function in equation (1.26), must equal the slope of
f
(k) at the specified value of k. The figure shows two values, k
0
and k
1
. The income func-
tions at these two values are given by straight lines that are tangent to f
(k) at k
0
and k
1
,
respectively. As k rises during the transition, the figure shows that the slope of the tangent
straight line declines from R
0
to R
1
. The figure also shows that the intercept—which equals
w—rises from w
0
to
w
1
.
1.2.8
Policy Experiments
Suppose that the economy is initially in a steady-state position with the capital per person
equal to k
∗
1
. Imagine that the saving rate rises permanently from s
1
to a higher value s
2
,
possibly because households change their behavior or the government introduces some
policy that raises the saving rate. Figure 1.6 shows that the s
· f (k)/k schedule shifts to
the right. Hence, the intersection with the n
+ δ line also shifts to the right, and the new
steady-state capital stock, k
∗
2
, exceeds k
∗
1
.
How does the economy adjust from k
∗
1
to k
∗
2
? At k
= k
∗
1
, the gap between the s
1
· f (k)/k
curve and the n
+ δ line is positive; that is, saving is more than enough to generate an
increase in k. As k increases, its growth rate falls and approaches 0 as k approaches k
∗
2
.
The result, therefore, is that a permanent increase in the saving rate generates temporarily
42
Chapter 1
n
␦
␥
k
s
1
f ( k)兾 k
s
2
f ( k)兾 k
k
k
*
1
k
*
2
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