50
Calculation of the discounted payback period (θ)
Year k
Present worth of
cash flow at
i=20%/yr
Cumulative PW at
MARR = 20%/yr
through Year k
0
-$25,000
-$25,000
1
6,667
-18,333
2
5,556
-12,777
3
4,630
-8,147
4
3,858
-4,289
5
5,223
+934
THE BENEFIT-COST RATIO METHOD
Benefit-cost analysis is a systematic method of assessing the desirability of government projects
or policies when it is important to take a long view of future effects and a broad view of possible
side effects.
Involves the calculation of a ratio of benefits to costs.
The B/C ratio is actually a ratio of discounted benefits to discounted costs.
For over 60 years, the B/C ratio method has been the accepted procedure for making go/no-go
decisions on independent projects and for comparing alternative projects in the public sector.
The B/C ratio is defined as the ratio of the equivalent worth measure applied can
be present
worth, annual worth, or future worth.
It is also known as Savings-Investment Ratio (SIR) by some governmental agencies.
A project is desirable or acceptable when the B/C ratio is greater than or equal to 1.0.
Conventional B/C ratio with PW
B/C = PW (benefits of the proposed project)
=
PW (B)
PW (total costs of the proposed project)
I + PW (O &M)
Where: PW = present worth
B = benefits of the proposed project
I = initial investment in the proposed projects
O&M = operating and maintenance costs of the proposed project
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