S E M A N T I C R O L E S O F T H E S U B J E C T
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As you can see, sometimes the semantic difference between an experiencer sub-
ject and an agent subject is reflected in the verb and sometimes it’s not. In the case
of
look at versus
see and
listen to versus
hear, this semantic difference is
lexicalised;
in other words, the difference in meaning is signaled by different words. In the case
of agentive
smell and experiencer
smell, the semantic difference is not lexicalised; the
verbs take the same form.
Mental
state verbs,
more often called psych-verbs,
also take experiencer subjects.
These subjects are not really engaging in action. Normally, when an agent acts, the
direct object is directly affected by that action. But none of the experiencer subjects
below has a direct effect upon the direct object.
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