English Grammar: a resource Book for Students
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English Grammar- A Resource Book for Students
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- Activity B5.2
Activity B5.1
100 D E V E L O P M E N T So we may express these relationships in a diagram, adding in the fact that adverbs (yesterday etc.) also have past-time reference. distance past time adverbs meaning form past tense politeness, tentativity Figure B5.1.1 Expressing past time in English Identify the time reference of the underlined finite verbs in the following sentences. Use the following possibilities: past, present, future, general time. 1. May I stay? I’d rather you left. 2. Is it true that in the last book Harry Potter dies? 3. After you speak to him, call me. 4. At that point we decided to leave. 5. I hear you are getting married. B5.2 Aspect Aspect is the name given to verb choices which involve the addition of auxiliaries to complete a verb phrase, as opposed to the inflections which indicate tense. The construction of aspectual forms is described in A6. We saw in A5 that in common pedagogic parlance aspect is included in tense, but on a scientific level the two need to be distinguished both formally and semantically. Aspect involves how events relate to times in addition to their exact timing, i.e. how an event or state relates to the surrounding time periods ❏ whether an event or state has relevance to another, later, point in time ❏ There are three aspects (excluding the ‘simple’ forms): progressive (continuous): ❏ I am singing. / They were walking. perfect: ❏ I have sung. / They had walked. perfect progressive: ❏ I have been singing. / They had been walking. All three can combine with both past and present tenses, as the pairs of examples show. The progressive and perfect aspects are discussed below. It is worth noting that Activity B5.2 ✪ T H E M E A N I N G S O F T E N S E A N D A S P E C T 101 the vast majority of finite verb phrases in English consist of simple forms (i.e. present or past tenses); the perfect and progressive aspects are fairly rare, while the perfect progressive aspect is very rare. Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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