English Grammar: a resource Book for Students
Download 1.74 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
English Grammar- A Resource Book for Students
8.5 Conclusion
The discussion in this chapter supports the general claim of cognitive linguists that grammar is a much less arbitrary phenomenon than has traditionally been thought to be the case. It is important not to overstate this claim. Cognitivists do not argue that grammatical properties are invariably explicable in terms of underlying cognitive or pragmatic factors – that is, that grammar is wholly determined by such factors. As has been noted, the fact that vegetable is a count noun whereas fruit is normally used as a mass noun is an arbitrary fact to some extent. Given that both terms involve a generalisation across a somewhat disparate set of phenomena, the option is available for the concept to be treated either as a collection of individuated entities or as a mass. This does not mean, however, that the grammatical count/mass distinction is entirely arbitrary. The crucial concept that allows a degree of arbitrariness to be reconciled with the notion of motivation is construal. Since this concept specifically allows for alternative ways of conceptualising a situation, it allows for phenomena that are perceptually similar to be treated either as grammatically similar or as gram- matically different. Certainly we sacrifice here some of the determinacy that linguists have often hankered after in their search for linguistic generalisations, but given the fact that language is a social phenomenon subject to the constraints of convention and cultural variability, total determinacy may prove to be an unrealistic goal in linguistic descrip- tion and theory. In the next chapter we pursue this theme with respect to certain grammatical characteristics of verbs, taking up the count/mass distinction in a more abstract form. |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling