CLAUSE TYPES AND SPEECH ACTS 410
The chapter Clause types (290–303) described the basic types of clause. The
clause types most directly correspond to common speech acts as shown in the
table below.
Typical correspondences between clause types and speech acts
clause type
typical speech act
examples
declarative
statement
He works in Barsham.
interrogative
question
How long did it take?
imperative
directive
Put it all in a pile here.
exclamative
exclamation
How nice you look!
However, such a direct correspondence is not always the case, and the clause types,
especially declarative and interrogative, are used to perform other speech acts too, as
shown in the table below.
Other possible correspondences between clause types and speech acts
clause type
possible speech acts
examples
declarative
question
A: So you’re going to be here about
quarter past?
B: Yeah quarter past, twenty past, yeah.
command
You sit there.
offer
I’ll hold that for you.
exclamation
There’s a rat!
interrogative
command
Will you be quiet!
request
Could you carry this for me?
intensified
statement, or
exclamation
Was I embarrassed when I realised what
had happened! (I’m telling you I was
embarrassed)
imperative
intensified warning
about a particular
course of action
Do that again and I’m going to smack you.
offer
Have a banana.
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