English Through Reading for EFL Learners
INSTRUCTOR: DR. H. GHAEMI 47
3.
A lot of older pubs have names reflecting local loyalties or loyalty to king and country. Inns
situated near the homes of dukes and lords are frequently named after the duke's or lord's
family name — especially when the duke or lord in question happened to own the inn, as was
often the case. Thus a pub called the Norfolk Arms, whose sign shows a heraldic shield or the
portrait of Duke, is likely to have been named after one of the Dukes of Norfolk (a title created
in 1483). As Britain's population expanded in the nineteenth century, so did the number of
pubs, many new pubs taking names to celebrate military victories or victorious commanders.
Following the Battle of Waterloo, the Duke of Wellington became a popular pub name, and
fine portraits of the "Iron Duke" still adorn many English pubs.
4.
Britain's status as an island nation is clearly illustrated by the large number of pubs called The
Ship — not just in ports, but in inland towns as well. Each Ship has its own history; here the
Ship was founded by a retired seaman, there it was an inn popular with seamen, and in other
places just a nice name, though certainly not chosen without some justification. In some
places, pubs are named after specific ships, or specific incidents related to the sea; two of the
oldest pubs in England fall into this category, the Mermaid in Rye, named after the mythical
figure half-fish, half-woman, about which sailors used to love "spining yarns"; and the Ship
and Turtle in Chester, which seems to have been named after some mediaeval ancestor of
today's mutant ninja heroes!
5.
Local industries or activities have given rise to many pub names. Many university towns
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