Cutting edge-science2022 Shawnee, usa
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USA november december 2022
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ISBN 978-1-64945-234-4 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7509018 47 CUTTING EDGE-SCIENCE 2022 Shawnee, USA October Why is Samuel Butler important? Mukhiddinova (Abdullaeva) Dilafruz Mansurovna - Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of Foreign Languages, teacher of the department of English language and literature. Annotation This article examines Samuel Butler (b. 1835–1902), an iconoclastic writer who challenged a wide range of orthodox views and is now best known for his two novels, Erewhon (1872) and The Way of All Flesh (published posthumously in 1903) - and his quarrel with Charles Darwin. Keywords Iconoclast writer, orthodox, narrative structure, anagram, adventurous, pre- life, Darwinian evolution, creationist, intellectual upheaval I'm not sure we should even call Erewhon a novel. If so, then this is a novel of ideas. But not like, say, in one of Aldous Huxley's conceptual novels. Great ideas don't play out between characters and don't define the plot. In Butler's Erewhon, the characters are ciphers, and the narrative is an afterthought—they exist as an excuse to imagine an alternative society and allow the author to comment on it. Or, rather, to give the author the opportunity to present their ideas as if they were someone else's. There is little narrative structure, a few chapters about Butler's narrator stumbling across the land of Erewhon (an anagram for "nowhere") somewhere near Southeast Asia. (Geographically, it's similar to New Zealand, where Butler once lived.) And there's an adventurous balloon escape at the end. But the Erewhon is actually more of a philosophical, religious, and scientific speculation. The novel is often called a dystopia because it is meant to describe a bad imaginary society, but Butler is more concerned with showing us our own world. Every aspect of the ridiculous nature of the state of Erewhon has a counterpart in our own society, or at least in the Western societies of Butler's time. Sometimes comparisons point to contradictions between our world and Erewhon, as in the Erewonians' condemnation of disease as immoral and criminal, ISBN 978-1-64945-234-4 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7509018 48 Download 0.9 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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