Kirish mavzuning asoslanishi va dolzarbligi

Sun etymology. Old English sunne “the sun”, from Proto-Germanic ‘sunno (source also of Old Norse, Old Saxon, Old High German sunna, Middle Dutch sonne, Dutch zon, German Sonne, Gothic sunno “the sun”), from PIE s(u)wen-, alternative form of root ‘sawel- “the sun.”
Old English sunne was feminine (as generally in Germanic), and the fem. pronoun was used in English until 16c.; since then masc. has prevailed. The empire on which the sun never sets (1630) originally was the Spanish, later the British. To have one’s place in the sun (1680s) is from Pascal’s “Pensées”; the German imperial foreign policy sense (1897) is from a speech by von Bülow., Moon, Utarid, Venus, Mirrix, Jupiter and Saturn⁴⁷.
Qadimgi inglizcha sunne “quyosh”, proto-german tilidan sunno (manba ham qadimgi Nors, qadimgi sakson, qadimgi yuqori nemis sunnasi, oʻrta golland sonne, golland zon, nemis Sonne, gotik sunno “quyosh” dan), PIE dan s(u)wen-, ildizning muqobil shakli sawel- “quyosh”.
Qadimgi ingliz sunnesi feminen (umuman german tilida boʻlgani kabi) va fem edi. olmosh ingliz tilida 16c.gacha ishlatilgan; shundan beri mask. ustun keldi. Quyosh botmaydigan imperiya (1630) dastlab ispanlar, keyinroq inglizlar edi. Quyoshda oʻz oʻrniga ega boʻlmoq (1680-yillar) Paskalning “Pensees” asaridan; nemis imperatorlik tashqi siyosatining ma’nosi (1897) fon Bülovning nutqidan olingan.
Oy kosmonimi ingliz tilida moon deyiladi.
Moon etymology. “Heavenly body which revolves about the earth monthly”, Middle English mone, from Old English mona, from Proto-Germanic menon- (source also of Old Saxon and Old High German mano, Old Frisian mona, Old Norse mani, Danish maane, Dutch maan, German Mond, Gothic mena moon), from PIE me(n)ses- moon, month (source also of Sanskrit masah moon, month; Avestan ma, Persian mah, Armenian mis month; Greek mene moon, men month; Latin mensis” month; Old Church Slavonic meseci, Lithuanian mėnesis «moon, month;» Old Irish mi, Welsh mis, Breton miz month), from root*me- (2) to measure in reference to the moon’s phases as an ancient and universal measure of time.
“Har oyda Yer atrofida aylanadigan samoviy jism”, oʻrta inglizcha mone, qadimgi ingliz tilidan mona, proto-german tilidan menon - (shuningdek, qadimgi sakson va qadimgi yuqori nemis manosi, qadimgi frizcha mona, qadimgi Norse mani, Daniya maane, Gollandcha maan, nemischa Mond, gotikcha mena – “oy”), PIE dan me(n)ses- “oy, oy” (manba ham sanskrit ma’nosi “oy, oy”; Avestacha ma, forscha mah, armancha mis oy; yunoncha mene “oy”, erkaklar “oy”, lotincha mensis “oy”. Eski cherkov slavyan meseci, Litva mėnesis “oy, oy”, qadimgi irlandcha mi, uelscha mis, bretoncha miz “oy”), me- ildizidan. (2) qadimiy va universal vaqt oʻlchovi sifatida oyning fazalariga nisbatan “oʻlchash” degan ma’no anglatadi.
Shu bilan birgalikda, sayyora nomlarini ham oʻzbek – ingliz tillarida koʻrib chiqishimiz mumkin. Mars -“mars”, Yupiter -“Jupiter”,Pluton - “Pluto”, Saturn -“Saturne”, Merkuriy - “Mercury”, Neptun - “Neptune”, Yer- “Earth”,Venera - “Venus”, Uran –“Uranus” kabi nomlar bilan ataladi.
Xalq kosmonimlari qatoridan oʻrin olgan 6ta planetadan tashqari, Uran, Neptun, Plutoning insoniyatga ma’lum boʻlganiga endigina 200 yildan oshdi, ular neokosmonimlar qatoriga kiradi. Ulardan har birining kosmonimlarining farqini anglashga va xalq kosmonimlari va neokosmonimlari nomlanish tamoyillaridagi uzviylikni belgilashda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
“Somon yoʻli” ingliz tilida “The Milky way” deb nomlanadi.
Yuqoridagi misollardan koʻrinib turibdiki, kosmonimlar qaysi tilda aytilmasin, leksik-semantik jihatdan, fonetik jihatdan turlicha bo’lishi mumkin, amma bir xil ma’no anglatadi degan xulosaga kelishimiz mumkin.