Фонетики со смежными науками: акустикой, анатомией, физиологией, психологией


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2222лекции по теорфонетике

5. Emphasis
To make the utterances more lively, emotional or exclamatory – emphatic – pitch is used. Or different sections of pitch-and-stress patterns.
For example, if the Low Falling nuclear tone is changed for the High Fall, the intonation group sounds more emphatic – more chategoric, firm, finel, concerned:
Do you want to stay here? - \No, | I \don’t.
Do you want to stay here? – ٰNo, | I ٰdon’t.
Another way of adding emphasis is by modifying the shape of the head. For instance, the Falling Head can be modified for emphasis by pronouncing the unstressed syllables on the same level as the stressed ones:
\, Ask him to ′ring me ٰup \again.
Often the emphasis is achieved by modifying one section of the pitch-and-stress pattern, but also by combining the modifications in pre-heads, heads and nuclear tones. The pitch-and-stress sections of intonation can be roughly divided into non-emphatic and emphatic:

Pitch-and-stress sections

Non-emphatic

Emphatic

Pre-heads

Low Pre-Head

High Pre-Head

Heads

Descending

Falling Head

Stepping, Sliding, Scandent, Several High Falles, Broken Descending Heads

Ascending

Rising Head

Climbing Head

Level

Medium Level Head

Low Level Head, High Level Head

Nuclear and Terminal Tones

Low (Medium) Fall, Low Rise, Mid-Level

High Fall, High Rise, Rise-Fall, Fall-Rise, Rise-Fall-Rise




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