Foreign languages

REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIALTIES
FERGANA STATE UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF "FOREIGN LANGUAGES".
DEPARTMENT " FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE".
FROM THE SCIENCE OF "TOM AND TT".
COURSE WORK
Topic: The New Zealand variant of the English language

Performed by:_____________________
Scientific leader:____________________

Fergana-2023
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 2
CHAPTER I. THE GENERAL OUTLINE INFORMATION ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND ANALYSIS OF THE VARIANT OF NEW ZEALAND 4
1.1.A historical background and overview of New Zealand English 4
1.2. Pronunciation model: New Zealand English 8
CHAPTER II. EXAMPLES OF COMMON WORDS AND GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE USED IN NEW ZEALAND. 13
2.1. A unique vocabulary used in New Zealand English 13
2.2. Common grammatical structures used in New Zealand 18
CONCLUSION. 21
BIBLIOGRAPHY 24

INTRODUCTION

Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev said: “Nowadays, science, knowledge and potential are as necessary as water and air in all fields, every country can achieve progress only on this basis, in simple words, a person can gain more income and prestige with the power of knowledge than with the power of the wrist, we all understand”.¹
After gaining our Independence, today, while implementing the reforms of preparing cadres, all new specialists undergoing the higher educational system are required to know one or several foreign languages. In connection with this, huge tasks are set before teachers of English language; teachers became one of the main subjects of educational reforms. Therefore, if a teacher is open to welcome new pedagogical innovations, he can provide goal-oriented introduction of innovative ideas into educational process.
When Captain James Cook’s ship, the Endeavour, arrived in New Zealand in 1769, the sailors found nothing but dangerous wilderness and some Maori people living there – and they soon left again. It took another 71 years until New Zealand became a British colony. Only few Europeans settled there before then; mainly sailors, tradesmen and whaling station workers.² Nonetheless, New Zealand developed into a nation with a distinct identity and language, a variety of English. The academic analysis of New Zealand English (henceforth NZE) is a rather new field of study but many non-academic attempts have been made to explain its origins:
„Much discussion has focused on the origins of [Australian English] and [NZE] pronunciation, and at times the speculations have been wild. Some have maintained that these accents are caused by climate, by a national nose inflammation as a result of pollen or hay, and even by fear of opening the mouth on account of dust and flies; other accounts look to carelessness, laziness, some kind of gross national inferiority complex, a free-wheeling and adventurous spirit, or on outlaw heritage. Even ill-fitting dentures have been suggested as a likely cause.” ³
This essay will investigate the origins of NZE and its development as a distinct variety of English. As an introduction there will be a short outline of recent research on NZE and the different theories concerning its sources. Afterwards the role of the early European settlement will be discussed because the “origins and development of New Zealand English are, quite obviously, intimately intertwined with the history of immigration to new Zealand.” ⁴ The influence of several varieties of English shall be described, starting with the European Englishes (English English, Scottish English, and Irish English ) and their significance for phonetic and lexical characteristics of NZE. In addition to that the contributions of a non-English source, namely the indigenous Maori language, will be discussed.