Grammar book for teaching
AV + S + V (main) + C + M…?
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Grammar book for teaching materials
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AV + S + V (main) + C + M…?
AV – auxiliary verb (ёрдамчи феъл) V (main) – main verb (асосий феъл) Оддий гап: George was shoveling snow. Сурок гап: Was George shoveling snow? Оддий гап: I wear a waterproof hat on rainy days. Сурок гап: Do you wear a waterproof hat on rainy days? Ушбу турдаги сурок гапларга киска жавоб хосил килишнинг умумий шакли: Булишли Булишсиз
Yes, he was No, he wasn’t Yes, I / he do / does No, I don’t / he doesn’t Yes, he did No, he didn’t Yes, I have / he has No, I haven’t / he hasn’t Yes, she will No, she won’t B. Махсус сурок гаплар Махсус сурок гаплар – Ха / Йук деб жавоб бериб булмайдиган ва махсус жавоб талаб киладиган сурок гаплардир. Уларни хосил килиш учун куйидаги махсус сурок сузлардан фойдаланилади. Кайси гап булагига савол берилса шу гап булаги тушириб колдирилади : Question words (Q.W.): who, whose, which, what, why, when, where, how Q.W. + AV + S + V (main)…? What does he do after classes? How did you come? Where is he living? How do you start the engine? Why did he leave early? When do you get up? How can I get there? Who did you meet yesterday? Why was he late? – He missed the bus. What / Which / Whose + noun Whose book did you borrow? What countries has she traveled to? What colour do you like most? Which book do you prefer? Which hand do you use? What paper do you read? Which course did she take last semester?
How strong are you? How much do you want? How important is this letter? How many pictures did you buy? How fast does he drive? How badly was he hurt? How often do you go abroad? How soon can you come?
What age are you? = How old are you? What is his height? = How tall is he? What size do you want? = How big do you want? What is the weight of the parcel? = How heavy is it?
WHO, WHOSE, WHICH, WHAT SUBJECTS Who, whose, which, what сурок сузлари гапда эга вазифасида хам кулланиши мумкин, у холда гап тузилиши дарак гапникидек булади:
Who pays the bills? What happened? S V C S V Whose / Which horse won the race? What went wrong? Who took my gun? Who keeps the keys? Which pigeon arrived first? What caused the explosion? ТАККОСЛАНГ: Who did you see? (Сиз кимни курдингиз?) C S
Who saw you? (Ким сизни курдингиз?) S C
Who did the committee appoint? (Кумита кимни тайинлади?) C S
Who appointed the committee? (Ким кумитани тайинлади?) S V
Who do you know? (Сиз кимни танийсиз?) C S
Who knows you? (Сизни ким танийди?) S C
Тулдирувчига савол берилганда ёрдамчи феълларнинг кулланишига эътибор беринг. NOTE: who тулдирувчи вазифасида келганида унинг урнига whom ишлатиш мумкин. Who did you meet? = Whom did you meet? Who are you visiting? = Whom are you visiting?
WHAT…FOR = WHY…? What did you do that for? = Why did you do that? What are you emptying that cupboard for? = Why are you emptying that cupboard? What do you not eat meat for? = Why don’t you eat meat?
WHAT + BE…LIKE? = give me general information about somebody / something: his / her / its appearance or character. (канака?) What was the exam like? – It was very difficult. What was the weather like? – It was windy. What was her boyfriend like? – He was handsome What is the food like in your hostel? – It’s quite good. What is that man like? – He is very talkative 8 friendly. WHAT + DOES + HE / SHE / IT + LOOK LIKE…? = What does he / she / it resemble? (for appearance only) What does she look like? – She is tall and glamorous. She looks like a films star. What does it look like? – It is black 8 shiny. It looks like coal. WHAT IS HE? = What is his profession? What is his farther? – He is an actor. NOTE:
who – people whose people / things
Which students are you talking to? (people) Which poet do you like best? (people) Which car would you prefer? (a thing) Which way is the cheapest? (a thing) What country do you come from? (a thing) What makes that noise? (a thing) Who do you want to speak to? – I want to speak to Mr. Bahodir. – We have 2 Bahodirs here. Which do you want? (people) Whose bag is this? (people) They meet in an old house, whose basement has been converted into a chapel. (people)
Question tags – Gaplarga qushiladigan bir qism bulib, tinglovchidan aytilgan axborotning tasdig’ini so’rash uchun qo’llanadi. Tag qismini xosil qilish uchun quyidagi qoidalarga amal qilish kerak: 1. Бош гапнинг замонига тугри келувчи ёрдамчи феълни аниклаш ва замонни узгартирмаслик; 2. Агар бош гап булишли булса, tag кисмни булишсиз шаклда; агар бош гап булишсиз булса, tag кисмни булишли шаклда ёзиш; 3. Бош гап билан tag кисмдаги битта эгани куллаш ва tag кисмда факат эга олмош куллаш. You don’t have class tomorrow, do you? The weather was cold, wasn’t it? Pat has only one pair of socks, doesn’t he?
This / That it These / Those they That isn’t Tom, is it? This is your book, isn’t it? These are yours, aren’t they? Агар бош гапда neither, no (noun), none, no one, nobody, scarcely, barely, hardly, hardly ever, never, seldom сузлари катнашса, tag кисм булишли булади: No salt is allowed, is it? Nothing was said, was it? Peter hardly ever goes to parties, does he?
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