Hamkorlik masalalari” mavzusidagi Xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari

Key words: Soviet Russia, Turkestan, Alphabet. 
1- History of the Russians 
Before the Russians became a state, they lived together with the Turks. Although there were 
many rivalries between them, they learned many things about the Turkish race, riding horses, 
using weapons, and social life at every opportunity. Khanates emerged with the disappearance of 
the Golden Horde state from the stage of history in 1502. This was a development that whetted 
the appetite of the Russians living in a principality, and enabled them to progress on the way to 
becoming a state. 
“By occupying Kazan in 1552 and Astrakhan in 1556, they opened the gates of Turkistan 
to the Russians. Their main purpose is to gradually destroy the Turks and to begin the work of 
Russifying the country in terms of its inhabitants (Saray, 1992: 216.)” 
For this purpose, Tsar Peter I turned his eyes to Turkish homelands. Being at an important 
crossroads in the geography of Turkestan and being rich in underground resources, the fact that 
the British were wanted to be blocked had an impact on the thinking of the Russians, who were 
in a hurry to seek new resources. 
“The Russians have started to invade West Turkestan gradually. They took over the 
administration under the name of Turkistan General Governorate and Steppe General 
Governorate, and brought administrators from their own thinking. This process, which began in 
1552, not only changed war and diplomacy, but also initiated colonization, partial assimilation 
and numerous forms of interaction. (Kara, 2013:10-11.) 
“The Russian advance in the direction of Turkestan was halted, albeit temporarily, by the 
Crimean War of 1853-56. However, despite being defeated in the war, the Russians recovered 
quickly with their military and economic reforms. Despite this innovation, the Russians, who did 
not dare to advance on the European front, decided to accelerate their expansion movement on 
the Central Asian front. For this purpose, they sent an investigation committee to Khiva and 
Bukhara under the chairmanship of Colonel Ignatiyev. When he determined that the situation 
was very suitable for them, he immediately started the preparations for the invasion of the 
Turkestan states. ” (Saray, 1999: 216) 
The invasion of Kokand by the Russians led to the development of the national struggle 
in Turkestan. However, although they were united around the same thought, they could not resist 
Russian imperialism. The people of Turkistan, who were killed and resurrected under the Tsarist 
regime, believed that a stable period would begin for them when the Soviets took over the 
administration with the October Revolution in 1917. Because, at the very beginning, the 
discourses of Lenin and Stalin were soon moved further than Tsarism and spoke of “Repressiya”, 
that is, an oppressive policy. “The Russians to establish their own administration procedures in 
Asian countries; They immediately entered into a study to invade the native Turks.” (Togan, 
1981:278)