И лмий кенгаш ф. М. Достоевский номидаги омск давлат университети

A.A. Ziyaev
Acting Chairperson of the Scientific Council for the award of scientific degrees, Doctor of Architecture, Professor
A.F. Ismailov
Scientific Secretary of the Scientific Council for the award of scientific degrees, PhD in Pedagogy, Senior researcher
B.V. Hasanov
C hairperson of the Scientific Seminar at the Scientific Council for the award of scientific degrees, Doctor in history, Professor
INTRODUCTION (Abstract of PhD thesis)


The aim of the research work – to comprehensively study and summarize the process of development of the museum business of Kazakhstan in the period from 1831 to 2020, as well as to trace the history of its formation.
The object of the research of the study is the museum processes of Kazakhstan.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the followings:
The historical evolution of the development of museum business in Kazakhstan is connected with cultural, social, political and economic factors. The specifics of the development of the museum business in Kazakhstan in 1831-1917 are justified by the alienation of the museum business from the local population, the small number of potential audience and the lack of support from the state, in 1918-1990 there was a qualitative leap associated with the growth of literacy of the population, institutionalization and systematization of the museum as a socio-cultural phenomenon, for the period from 1991 to the present, in particular, strong centralization of museums, state control, ideological orientation of their activities;
It is argued that the museums of Kazakhstan are systematized according to the following classification criteria: by profile; by status; by belonging to a certain owner; by public purpose; by the nature of the stored heritage, by the scale of activity and by the number of employees; by profile, the museums of Kazakhstan are conditionally divided into 9 groups: 1) complex (local history museums), 2) memorial; 3) art history; 4) branch; 5) museums-reserves; 6) historical; 7) natural science; 8) universal; 9) other; by status (head museums, branches of museums and museums-reserves); by belonging to a certain owner (state, departmental, public and private); for public purposes (research, scientific, educational and educational); by the nature of the stored heritage (collection and ensemble type); by the scale of activity (national, regional, district, urban and rural museums); by number of employees (1-20, 21-50, 51-100, more than 100 employees);
The modern trends in the museum processes of Kazakhstan related to the development of culture and technology, such as: an increase in the number of museums, digitization of museum objects, virtualization of museums, creation of electronic databases, the emergence of new forms of visualization of material, augmented reality technologies, electronic guides, interactive programs and others, as well as factors influencing the development of the museum, namely: globalization, informatization, increased mobility and dynamism of society, scientific and technological progress, ethnic and social processes, changes in attitudes in modern society;
It is proved that the museum system of Kazakhstan is a system only in the plane of administrative relations: museum – Akimat – Ministry of Culture. In the plane of real interaction of museums among themselves, ensuring joint work and mutual assistance, communications are poorly established and function inefficiently. Meanwhile, for the qualitative development of the museum system of Kazakhstan, it is necessary that it be a system with a well-established mechanism of interaction between museums of different levels and different regions.