Инглиз тилида 26 харф бўлиб,20 таси ундош,6 таси унли

Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va egalik olmoshlari ma’noga qarab o‘zgartiriladi:

direct :Mary says, «Peter has taken my dictionary».
reported :Mary says that Peter has taken her dictionary
direct: My brother has said, «I shall come at five o’clock».
reported: My brother has said that he will come at five o’clock

• 
  Agar bosh gapdagi fe’l Simple Present, Present Perfect yoki Simple Future zamonlarining birida bo‘lsa ko‘chirma gapdagi zamon o‘zla shtirma gapda o‘zgarmaydi:
  

Sonia told me that you were in hospital.
What did you tell the police ?

• 
  Aks holda say ishlatiladi.
  

Sonia said that you were in hospital.
What did you say?

• 
  Lekin shuni yodda tutish kerakki “say something to somebody” biror kimga nimadir aytmoq.
  

Aziza said goodbye to me and left.
What did you say to the police.

• 
  Agar ko’chirma gap buyruq gap bo’lsa, o’zlashtirma gapga aylantrishda infinitivdan foydalaniladi. Gap mazmuniga ko’ra “tell, ask, order, offer, invite, suggest, request” kabi fe’llaridan foydalanishimiz mumkin.
  

Direct: Stay in bed for a few days, the doctor said to me.
Reported: The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.

• 
  Somebody said (not)to do something bunda. Agar ko’chirma gap inkor gap bo’lsa uni o’zlashtirma gapga aylantirish uchun yuqoridagi formuladan foydalanamiz.
  

Direct: Don’t touch the door I have just painted it brot`her said me.
Reported :Brother said not to touch the door he has just painted it.
direct :He says (hйжas said, will say),” sent them the catalogue on Monday”
He says (has said, will say) that he sent them the catalogue on Monday.

• 
  Agar ko‘chirma gaplar so‘roq gap bo‘lsa, ularni o‘zlashtirma gapga aylantirganda, ular to‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplarga aylanadi.
  

•