16. Which of the following is not critical for establishing the mens rea as an objective element for the commission of a crime:
( ) A. The individual acted purposely to commit the crime;
( ) B. The individual acted knowingly to commit the crime;
( ) C. The individual acted recklessly to commit the crime;
( ) D. The individual acted negligently to commit the crime;
( X ) E. All of the above.
17. Which of the following is not a question that is raised by the traditional adult retributive criminal justice system in reaction to an alleged crime?
( ) A. Who committed the crime?
( ) B. What are the needs of the crime victim?
( ) C. Do the statutory elements of the crime exist?
(X) D. Which statutory penalty should be imposed on the harm doer?
18. Which of the following is not a type or form of victim offender reconciliation program?
( ) A. Defense Lawyer/Advocate VORP;
( ) B. Police VORP;
( ) C. Prosecutor VORP;
( ) D. Court VORP;
(X) E. All of the above are types of VORPs.
19. Which of the following are factors that help to explain reduced recidivism or an offender’s commission of fewer or no additional crimes?
( ) A. Her or his acquisition of new skills;
( ) B. Her or his aging or maturation;
( ) C. Her or his establishing positive social bonds;
(X) D. All of the above.
20. Which of the following best describes Crime Victim Compensation Funds (CVCFs)?
( ) A. They are primarily operated by government or state bodies;
( ) B. CVCF make direct payments to harm doers;
(X) C. Both A. and B. above;
( ) D. Neither A. or B. above.
TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS
For each of the following questions, determine whether the statement is true or false, then type an “X” in the space ( ) next to your answer.
1. Restorative justice in the adult criminal justice context is a process whereby parties with a stake in a specific offence seek to collectively resolve how to deal with the aftermath of the offense and its implications for the future.
( X)True
( )False
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