Answer: There are four basic ways to deliver an oral presentation.
Extemporaneous
Impromptu
Manuscript
Memorized
Each type of delivery requires slightly different kinds of preparation and has a different effect on the audience. As part of your planning process, you need to decide which method is going to be most effective and most appropriate for the specific audience you will be addressing. Although a speech may use a variety of methods of delivery, it’s easier to learn about each type separately.
1. Extemporaneous Speeches
This is a long word and you may need to add it to your spelling list, but it is not difficult to understand. An extemporaneous speech is thoroughly planned but it is delivered in a spontaneous way and sounds much like a conversation. Your audience will feel that you are talking honestly to each one of them individually. Extemporaneous speeches are easy and enjoyable to listen to.
Just because extemporaneous speeches sound like they are made up as the speaker goes along doesn’t mean that they aren’t carefully planned and practiced. They create the illusion of being brand-new, never-before spoken words. They are never memorized; the exact wording is never planned or written down!If your speech is going to be taped, televised, or reproduced for use with other groups, the extemporaneous speech may not be the most appropriate method of delivery as your mistakes and omissions will be recorded and replayed over and over.
2. Impromptu Speeches
You may not always have the time to prepare an extemporaneous speech. When you don’t,you find yourself talking about a topic “off the top of your head”. This kind of oral presentation is called an impromptu speech and can be pretty frightening if you don’t know how to handle it. At work, you may be asked to speak to a meeting because the scheduled speaker is sick or forgot to come. In volunteer organizations, speakers are notorious for forgetting to show up.
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