International conference on bioinformatics of genome regulation
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Key words: analitic software; cornea endothelium transport; hypothermic conservation Background: Despite advances in surgery, corneal edema is a usual complication after cor- nea transplantation. Removing of extra fluid from the swelled cornea tissue is function of corneal endothelium. Little is known about the influence of hypothermic conservation on ion and water transport in corneal endothelial cells. Cell transport mechanisms that provide cell osmotic balance are determined, in a great extent, by Na,K-ATPase pumping capacity. The intracellular concentration of sodium ([Na+]i) is result of balance between sodium entering the cell and outward current determined by Na,K-ATPase. The main purpose of hypothermic conservation is to save transport ability of endothelial cells in corneal trans- plants. The methods of transplants conservation are subject of intense studies nowadays. Aims: The aim of the present work is development of effective method for analysis of corneal endothelial cells transport function by creating and using experimental protocol for measuring of [Na+]i and analytical software for automatic computer analysis of experi- mental data. Methods: Intracellular sodium concentration was measured using as specific intracellular fluorescent probe for sodium Sodium Green (MolProbes, USA) by the method developed in the group of cell molecular physiology (Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS). Microscopic fluorescent images were captured with AxioCam HSm (Zeiss, Germany) and stored on PC. The intensity of cell fluorescence was evaluated by analysis of microscopic images of cells using software developed in TDISIE, SB RAS: program “CytoDynamics” (state registration number 2016612766). Conclusions: The kinetics of intracellular sodium concentration was measured in endothe- lial cells from isolated eyes of rat, pig and human. Experimental protocol was developed by the group of cell molecular physiology (Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS). The software and user friendly interface was developed for automatic outline fluorescent images of cells as AOI and analysis of fluorescence intensity. The software was registered as “CytoDynamics” (state register number 2016612766). The program analyses conse- quences of microscopic images of living cells that undergone experimental protocol and calculates the values of [Na+]i. The results of calculations reflect the dynamics of [Na+]i in individual cells. Program uses libraries OpenCV / JavaCV, it accepts colors or monochrome images and presents the results as Excel tables and plots. Complex approach includes experimental protocol for experimental measurement of [Na+] i in endothelial cells and analytical software enables analyze large scale experimental data sets. The program “CytoDynamics” could be useful as analytical tool for transplantology and drug discovery. 139 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY INVASIVE ENTOMO-MYCOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF P. PROXIMYS AND ITS PHYTOPATOGENIC SYMBIONT IN SIBERIA AND EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA A. Kononov 1 *, A. Blinov 1 , N. Pashenova 2 , N. Percova 2 , Y. Baranchikov 2 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia * Corresponding author: kononov.nov@mail.ru Key words: Polygraphus proximus; Ophiostoma; co-evolution; phytopathogens Motivation and Aim: Polygraphus proximus is a common and economically significant beetle-pest. This species has a close symbiotic relationship with a number of plant patho- genic fungi. The fungi are a cause of tree death. Members of Ophyostomataceae family are one of the most common fungi associated with xylophagous. P. proximus have a symbiotic relationship with the 11 fungi species of this family on the territory of its original range, in particularly with aggressive species such as Grosmannia aoshima. Recently P. proximus significantly expanded its range from relatively small areas in the eastern part of Eurasia to the European continent. In this work we studied fungal symbionts of P.proximus in the original and invasive populations. Methods and Algorithms: The mycelium of fungi were collected in the original and invasive populations. For samples ITS2 and LSU markers were amplified by PCR using specific primer pairs, then sequencing was done. Multiple sequence alignment was performed by MUSCLE algorithm. Analysis of phylogeny by maximum-likelihood was carried out. Results: 63 samples were investigated from the east, central and western part of the Russia. All the fungi involved in the morphological and genetic analysis. It revealed that there are Ophyostoma. nikkoense, O. piceae, O. microcarpum, Leptographium taigense, G. penicil- lata and G. aoshimae in the Far Eastern populations of beetles. L. procerum, O. subalpinum, G. aoshimae species were found in Siberian populations. G. aoshimae have been found in the European populations. In addition, 10 previously undescribed fungi were found. Ob- tained sequences took part in the phylogenetic analysis. According to the phylogenetic data fungi belonging to the Ophiostoma and Grosmannia genera of Ophyostomataceae family, fungi of Bionectriaceae family and even Basidiomycetes were found among indeterminate samples. Conclusion: Significant diversity of fungal symbionts of P.proximus was confirmed in the original range. Association of P.proximus with aggressive phytopathogen - G. aoshima was established both in the original population and the recently occupied territories. Genetic uni- formity of G. aoshima throughout the range shows that P.proximus transferred this symbiote in the invasive populations and saved the association with G. aoshima on the new territories. Based on the received information the phylogenetic relationships of the samples and their position on the phylogenetic tree were established. The number of previously undescribed organisms was studied. The conclusions obtained in this study show us P.proximus and its symbionts as a united biological system wherein each element is closely associated with other elements. Bark beetle linked to fungi biologically, ecologically and even evolutionarily. Co-evolution of these species is reflected in a similar population dynamics. Availability: All sequences will be available in the genebank NCBI. 140 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG EIGHT DENDROLIMUS SPECIES IN EURASIA (LEPIDOPTERA: LASIOCAMPIDAE) INFERRED FROM MITOCHONDRIAL COI AND COII, AND NUCLEAR ITS2 MARKERS A. Kononov 1 *, K. Ustyantsev 1 , B. Wang 2 , V. Mastro 2 , V. Fet 3 , A. Blinov 1 , Y. Baranchikov 4 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 USDA-APHIS-PPQ CPHST, Otis Laboratory, Otis Air National Guard Base, Buzzards Bay, USA 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, USA 4 V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia * Corresponding author: kononov.nov@mail.ru Key words: Dendrolimus; phylogeny; pests; interspecific hybridization; divergence Motivation and Aim: Moths of genus Dendrolimus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) are among the major pests of coniferous forests worldwide. Taxonomy and nomenclature of this genus are not entirely established, and there are many species with a controversial taxonomic position. We present a comparative evolutionary analysis of the most economi- cally important Dendrolimus species in Eurasia. Methods and Algorithms: Larvae and moths of Dendrolimus were collected in the natural populations across Asian Russia. For samples COI and COII markers, about 1400 and 600 bp long, correspondingly, and ITS2 sequences (400 bp) were amplified by PCR using specific primer pairs, then PCR purification and sequencing was done. Multiple sequence alignment was performed by MUSCLE algorithm. Analysis of phylogeny by maximum- likelihood was carried out in PhyML 3.0 program with default settings and with the aLRT as a topology estimation method. Results: Our analysis was based on the nucleotide sequences of COI and COII mitochon- drial genes and ITS2 spacer of nuclear ribosomal genes. All known sequences were ex- tracted from GenBank. Additional 112 new sequences were identified for 28 specimens of D. sibiricus, D. pini, and D. superans from five regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East to be able to compare the disparate data from all previous studies. In total, 528 sequences were used in phylogenetic analysis. Two clusters of closely related species in Dendrolimus were found. The first cluster includes D. pini, D. sibiricus, and D. superans; and the sec- ond, D. spectabilis, D. punctatus, and D. tabulaeformis. Species D. houi and D. kikuchii appear to be the most basal in the genus. Conclusion: Genetic difference among the second cluster species is very low in contrast to the first cluster species. Phylogenetic position D. tabulaeformis as a subspecies was supported. It was found that D. sibiricus recently separated from D. superan. Integration of D. sibiricus mitochondrial DNA sequences and the spread of this species to the west of Eurasia have been established as the cause of the unjustified allocation of a new spe- cies: D. kilmez. Our study further clarifies taxonomic problems in the genus and gives more complete information on the genetic structure of D. pini, D. sibiricus, and D. su- perans. Availability: The nucleotide sequence from the present work published in the GeneBank under the accession numbers: KJ007736 - KJ007819. 141 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY VRN1 GENES VARIABILITY IN TETRAPLOID WHEAT SPECIES WITH A SPRING GROWTH HABIT I. Konopatskaia 1, 2 *, V. Vavilova 1 , E.Ya. Kondratenko 1 , A. Blinov 1 , N.P. Goncharov 1, 3 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: sormacheva@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: evolution, growth habit, Triticum, vernalization, VRN1 gene, wheat Motivation and Aim: Vernalization genes VRN1 play a major role in the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in wheat. The floral activator VRN1 encodes a MADS- box transcription factor that is required for the initiation of reproductive development at the shoot apical meristem. The expression of VRN1 occurs at a low basal level but a measurable increase is seen during prolonged treatment with low temperatures. In di-, tetra- and hexaploid wheats the presence of a dominant allele of at least one VRN1 gene homologue (Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-G1 or Vrn-D1) determines the spring growth habit. Al- lelic variation between the Vrn-1 and vrn-1 alleles relies on mutations in the promoter re- gion or the first intron. The evolution of spring cultivars of wheats from winter ancestors is a key event in the post-domestication spread of wheat. However, studies of the major vernalization gene VRN1 are mostly limited to the analysis of di- and hexaploid wheat species. Questions concerning the origin and variability of the dominant VRN1 alleles, determining the spring growth habit, remain unclear for tetraploid wheat species. Methods and Algorithms: We used a combination of bioinformatical tools and molecular biology techniques to analyze diversity and evolution of VRN1 genes from tetraploid wheats. Results: We analyzed the growth habit of 230 accessions of tetraploid wheat species and the promoter and first intron regions of VRN1 genes in spring accessions. The growth habit of most studied spring accessions was determined by known dominant alleles of VRN1 genes. Two novel alleles were discovered and designated as Vrn-A1dic and Vrn- B1dic. Vrn-A1dic was widely distributed across the accessions of T. dicoccoides and had deletions 20 bp and 32 bp in length in the promoter region when compared to the reces- sive allele of VRN-A1. The dominant mode of inheritance of Vrn-A1dic allele was shown in the genetic experiments. Vrn-B1dic was identified in T. dicoccoides IG46225 and had 11 % sequence dissimilarity in comparison to the promoter of vrn-B1. The presence of Vrn-A1dic and Vrn-B1dic alleles is a predicted cause of the spring growth habit of stud- ied accessions of T. dicoccoides. Three spring accessions T. aethiopicum K-19059, T. turanicum K-31693 and T. turgidum cv. Blancal possess recessive alleles of both VRN- A1 and VRN-B1 genes. Spring growth habit of these accessions seems to be determined by other vernalization genes. Conclusion: Growth habit of 230 accessions of tetraploid wheat species was analyzed. Variability of VRN1 genes was investigated for 59 spring accessions of tetraploid wheats and two novel dominant alleles Vrn-A1dic and Vrn-B1dic were detected. Availability: The sequences of the promoter region and the first intron of VRN-A1, VRN- B1 and VRN-G1 genes were deposited in GenBank. 142 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY GENOME OF BLACK GARDEN ANT: DEFENSE AGAINST VIRUS INVASION? E.A. Konorov, V.A. Scobeyeva, M.A. Nikitin, S.N. Lysenkov, S. Nuzhdin Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia Key words: evolution, sequencing, ant genome More than 7 ant genomes are sequenced to date, and evolutionary history and genetic traits of this group are thoroughly described in many papers [1]. Most researchers fo- cus on ant traits, associated with eusociality – complicated communication, extended longevity (mostly in queens) and cast differentiation. Search for genetic basis of euso- ciality determined the main stream of these studies – odorant and immune system and cast-specific developmental genes were examined. Nevertheless little attention was paid for genomic basis of ants environmental success. Ant successful adaptation to different environments can be understood only by detailed examination of each species biological peculiarities, especially population number and distribution. We took Lasius niger for our analysis for its tremendous ability to stay against antropo- genic pressure [2]. 50-80 workers were collected from 3 urban and 3 suburban popula- tions, genomic DNA was isolated separately from each population and sequenced by Illumina. Reads from all populations were assembled with SPAdes 3.5 and annotated with Augustus, blast and blast2go. All bacterial and fungal sequences were removed from the assembly. Genes of CYP450, odorant receptors, neuropeptides and some other were manually annotated with reciprocal blastp. Reads from different populations were mapped on assembled genome with tophat and compared with popoolation2. Genes of P450 CYP9 family were found amplified in Lasius niger. Our previous data on protein modeling suggest that CYP9 proteins detoxify mycotoxins of Fusarium, fungus, highly contaminating our ant genome. Lasius niger has less genes of olfactory system than other sequenced ants, we suggest that there can be trade-off between olfactory and detoxification systems. Olfactory system reduction in Lasius niger could also facilitate polyfagy. We found 4 times more integrated retroviral sequences in Lasius niger genome than in other ant’s genomes. Comparison of different GO abundance between ant species revealed significant increase in GOs “nucleic acid binding” and “DNA repair” and also singificant decrease in GO “odorant binding”. We can hypothesize that Lasius niger has high level of viral infection and amplifyed genes of DNA reparation system to reduce the damage from foreign DNA. Urban and suburban populations differ in integrated viral genes and some viral genes have signatures of selection. 1. Gadau J. et al. The genomic impact of 100 million years of social evolution in seven ant species // Trends in Genetics. – 2012. – Т. 28. – №. 1. – С. 14-21. 2. Putiatina T. S. Effect of recreational pressure on ant communities of open biocenoses in Moscow // Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin. – 2011. – Т. 66. – №. 1. – С. 42-45. 143 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY MOLECULAR EVOLUTION ANALYSIS OF GENES RELATED TO PLANT ROOT HAIR AND TRICHOME DEVELOPMENT D.K. Konstantinov 1 , A.V. Doroshkov 2 * 1 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: ad@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: molecular evolution, epidermal cells, trichomes, root hairs Motivation and Aim: Specialized cell formation is an fruitful model system for analyzing the molecular mechanisms of plant cell differentiation, including cell fate choices, cell cycle control, and cell morphogenesis (Yang, C., & Ye, Z. 2013). In plants, epidermal cells are easily accessible and allow in vivo study. Arabidopsis thaliana trichomes were used as a model system for identification of the activator–inhibitor and the activator– depletion pattern formation models, studying the interplay between cell cycle and cell differentiation and numerous of genes involved in these processes were found. However, the evolution of specialized epidermal cell formation genetic network remains unclear. In this study, we analyze the phylogenetic relationships of genes associated with the formation of trichomes and root hairs from various species of flowering plants (mono- cotyledonous and dicotyledonous). Methods and Algorithms: Extracting sets of homological sequences presets from data- bases was carried out using the reciprocal BLAST search. Multiple sequence alignment was conducted with MAFFT algorithm. The PhyML maximum likelihood algorithm was used to reconstruct the phylogeny and bootstrap resampling technique was used for test- ing the topology. Genetic networks containing target genes were reconstructed using Cytoscape and Pathway Studio software. Results and conclusion: Our results argue that there is a large fraction of genes involved in the formation of trichomes and root hairs and do not reveal a direct correspondence between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. This fact is in the agreement with the latest data confirming that the closest homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana trichome and root hair-related gene in rice do not affect the rice pubescence (Zheng et.al., 2016). Also, this facts justify that part of the cellular morphogenesis mechanisms evolved indepen- dently in dicots and monocots. At the same time, we observe a good correspondence be- tween studied genes of cell morphogenesis inside dicotyledonous as well as monocoty- ledonous clades. This allowed us to find orthologous genes in wheat genomic sequences and predict its chromosome localization to compare with known leaf hairiness QTLs. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by Russian Science Foundation grant №14- 14-00734. References: 1. Yang, C., & Ye, Z. (2013). Trichomes as models for studying plant cell differentiation. Cellular and molecular life sciences, 70(11), 1937-1948. 2. Zheng, K., Tian, H., Hu, Q., Guo, H., Yang, L., Cai, L. & Wang, S. (2016). Ectopic expression of R3 MYB transcription factor gene OsTCL1 in Arabidopsis, but not rice, affects trichome and root hair formation. Scientific reports, 6, 19254. 144 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY TWO CONGENIC STRAINS PROVE EFFECTS ON CATARACT AND RETINOPATHY BUT NOT ON BRAIN NEURODEGENE- RATION IN SENESCENCE-ACCELERATED OXYS RATS E.E. Korbolina*, A.O. Vitovtov, N.G. Kolosova Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: lungry@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: genetic architecture of complex trait, OXYS rats, quantitative trait locus, congenic strain, Alz- heimer’s disease, age-related macular degeneration Motivation and Aim. There has been a considerable interest in discovering the genetic architecture of complex traits, particularly those genetic components which are involved in age-related neurodegenerative disorders. To predict disease risk and to understand the underlying genetic basis in human, it is essential to study animal models. We assumed that mutations affecting the development of early cataract in senescent-accelerated OXYS rats also have effects on early manifestation of other age-related disorders. With this strategy, we identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with early cataract, AMD-like retinopathy, and certain behavioral signs of brain neurodegeneration on rat chromosome 1 (RNO1). These loci were mapped as partially being within the introgressed RNO1 seg- ments of WAG/OXYS-1.1 and WAG/OXYS-1.2 congenic strains, spanning totally 81.1 Mbp from 8900000 to 105000000 bp and from 178 000 000 to 275 000 000 bp, respec- tively, with defined breaks. The retina transcriptome profiles of congenic and OXYS rats were analyzed at 20 days by means of RNA-seq, since congenic rats carrying OXYS al- leles displayed retinopathy. The present study is aimed to dissect the susceptibility genes and builds upon our prior analyses in several ways, including further characterization of congenic rat’s phenotype. Methods and Algorithms. Standart techniques were used to analyze rat’s behavior (open field, plus maze) and learning capacity (8-arm radial maze); Beta direct ophthalmoscope – for ophtalmoscopic examinations; MRI tomography with MSME technique - for evalu- ating of brain morphology; Statistica 6.0 and free R software – for data analyses and visu- alization; RGD and WebGestalt online tools - for annotation. Results. The neurodegenerative brain alterations typical for both OXYS rats and patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease were not observed in congenic rats. So, we argue, that the accelerated-senescence phenotype in OXYS rats can be genetically dissected. The pro- gression of retinopathy with age differ in WAG/OXYS-1.1, WAG/OXYS-1.2 and OXYS rats both clinically and histologically. Based on the results we suggested a certain similarity in molecular-genetic mechanisms underlying retinopathy development and progression in WAG/OXYS-1.1 and WAG/OXYS-1.2 rats. A comprehensive analysis of candidate genes within previously defined QTLs and congenic segments was carried out. Moreover, the set of genes differentially expressed in retina of OXYS and WAG/OXYS-1.2 rats at 20 days was found significantly enriched with targets for Jun and Stat3 transcriptional factors, widely involved in retinopathy progression. Thereby, we revealed some synergy in causing early cataract and retinopathy in OXYS rats, yet the relationship between the variance in a trait and allele frequency should be investigated further. This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant # 15-04-06066 А). 145 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH THE RISK OF DEVELOPING EXTRA-ARTICULAR SYMPTOMS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS M.A. Korolev*, Y.B. Ubshaeva, E.A. Letyagina, A.V. Shevchenko, V.F. Prokof’yev, V.I. Konenkov Scientific Institute of clinical and experimental lymрhology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: kormax@bk.ru Download 3.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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