Kirish (doktorlik dissertatsiyasining annotatsiyasi) Dissertatsiya mavzusining dolzarblig

V.R. Xodjibaev
Chairman of the scientific council for the award scientific degrees, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor
X.L. Alimov
Scientific Secretary of the Scientific Council for the Award degrees, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor
A.I. Khamidov
Chairman of the scientific seminar at scientific council for awarding academic degrees, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor


INTRODUCTION (abstract of Doctor of Philosophy ( PhD ) dissertation)
Actuality and relevance of the dissertation topic. The construction industry is a priority sector of Uzbekistan, it occupies one of the first places in the use of material resources. The modern scale of construction sets the task of solving the issues of economical and rational use of resources, first of all, the implementation of existing reserves, i.e. creation of low-waste and energy-saving technologies using industrial waste. The implementation of these tasks leads, first of all, to the saving of expensive material resources, and secondly, to the refusal to import them from other regions. In this regard, in modern conditions, it is relevant to find the possibility of using local resources to obtain imported materials that meet technical requirements and contribute to improving the environmental situation.
In the world along with the development of construction industry, the construction of energy-saving buildings is developing. in which special attention is paid to the use of effective heat-insulating materials based on local raw materials and industrial waste. At the same time, special attention is paid to improving the technology for the production of heat-insulating materials, improving their quality, as well as reducing their cost. In this regard, it is necessary to develop new effective heat-insulating materials with improved physical and mechanical properties, while the use of industrial waste in them will solve both economic and environmental problems. These requirements are fully met by gypsum, heat-insulating composite materials based on industrial waste.
The Republic of Uzbekistan has significant reserves of gypsum stone, and the high level of scientific research of Uzbek scientists in the field of gypsum binders is recognized throughout the world. Despite this, the production and use of gypsum binders and materials based on them are currently developing at an insufficiently high pace. On an industrial scale, mainly low-quality building gypsum is produced, in small quantities for special purposes-high-strength gypsum and gypsum-cement-pozzolanic binders. The republican (state) market of building materials is dominated by products of foreign manufacturers, that have a high cost and are inaccessible to a wide range of consumers. In this regard, the task of creating competitive composite materials based on building gypsum by designing rational compositions of compositions with a complex of local natural and mineral fillers, industrial waste and chemical additives is relevant. In the Republic there are industrial wastes in sufficient volume (phosphogypsum, borogypsum, sitrogypsum, etc.) suitable for obtaining gypsum binder. Abroad, these wastes are widely used to produce gypsum composite materials and products. However, the use of these wastes requires the adoption of special measures to neutralize harmful impurities-phosphoric and sulfuric acids. molding gypsum is used, which, after the use, is thrown into waste, while gypsum binder can be obtained from it by processing, artificial porous fillers are used as light fillers-perlite, vermiculite, agglomerate, expanded polystyrene, etc.
Recent years, the world is to improve the thermal insulation properties of gypsum composite products, numerous studies are being carried out on the use of agricultural waste-wheat straw, cotton stalks, rice husks, wood waste, etc. However, these wastes are used for livestock feed, and in Uzbekistan, cotton stalks and wood waste are used as fuel for baking bread and cooking food in the food industry.
There are many enterprises that produce facing tiles made of marble and travertine in Uzbekistan. Upon receipt of marble and travertine facing slabs, large volumes of waste are generated that pollute the environment. Therefore, it is of great interest to use these wastes as fillers to reduce the cost of gypsum binder.
In this regard, the development of a gypsum binder from ceramic industry waste and the use of marble and travertine chips as fillers, as well as the addition of modifiers to their composition, to improve the thermophysical properties in order to obtain a heat-insulating gypsum composite material is a very urgent task.
At present, the main priority area in Uzbekistan is the widespread introduction of energy-saving technologies in various sectors of the economy, including construction.
This dissertation research, to a certain extent, serves to fulfill the tasks provided for in the Decrees and Resolutions of the leadership of our country: Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on February 7, 2017 N. UP-4947. "On the Action Strategy for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan", Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 28, 2016 N. PP-2615 "On the Program of Measures for the Further Development of the Construction Industry for 2016-2020", Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 20, 2019 N PP-4198 “On measures for the fundamental improvement and integrated development of the building materials industry”, Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 22. 2018 N. UP-5445 “On additional measures to optimize the procedure for the implementation of design and construction work in capital construction”, Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 23, 2019 N. PP “On additional measures to accelerate the development of the building materials industry”, Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28. 2022, N. UP-60 “On the development strategy of the new Uzbekistan for 2022-2026”,