Lecture Stylistics as a science. Problems of stylistic research. Plan

Lexical recurrence (reappearance of the same word in the text):
To live again in the youth of the young; the dodgerest of all the dodges; a brutish brute.
A variety of root repetition (polyptoton) is the recurrence of the same noun in different case forms, or, as regards English (with practically no case forms in nouns), in varying case-like syntactic positions: They always disliked their neighbour, their neighbour's noisy company, the very sight of their neighbour, in fact.
A tall, snub-nosed, fair-haired woman stood at the gate would be an example of redundance of syntactical elements and should, therefore, be treated in paradigmatic syntax
He thought and thought and thought it over and over and over – lexical repetition.
Repetition as an expressive device, as a means of emphasis, should be differentiated from cases of chance recurrence of the same word in unprepared, confused, or stuttering colloquial speech: "I - I – I- never — never met her there".
There are practically no rules to diagnose whether the recurrence of a word is a stylistic fault or an intentional stylistic device.
Syntagmatic syntax deals mainly with a chain of sentences, the sequence of sentences constituting a text. Here we search for stylistic functions in the sequence of sentence forms.
Skrebnev distinguishes purely syntactical repetition to which he refers parallelism as structural repetition of sentences though often accom­panied by the lexical repetition:
The cock is crowing, The stream is flowing...(Wordsworth) and lexico-syntactical devices such as
Anaphora (identity of beginnings, initial elements):
If only little Edward were twenty, old enough to marry well and fend for himself, instead often. If only if were not necessary to provide a do-wary for his daughter. If only his own debts were less. (Rutherfurd)
Epiphora (opposite of the anaphora, identical elements at the end of sentences, paragraphs, chapters, stanzas):
For all averred, I had killed the bird. That made the breeze to blow. Ah wretch! Said they, the bird to slay, That made the breeze to blow.’(Coleridge)
Framing (repetition of some element at the beginning and at the end of a sentence, paragraph or stanza):
Never wonder. By means of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, settle everything somehow, and never wonder. (Dickens)
Anadiplosis (the final element of one sentence, paragraph, stanza is repeated in the initial part of the next sentence, paragraph, stanza:
Three fishers went sailing out into the West. Out into the West, as the sun went down (Kingsley)
Chiasmus (parallelism reversed, two parallel syntactical constructions contain a reversed order of their members):
That he sings and he sings, and for ever sings he - I love my Love and my Love loves me! (Coleridge)
She is killing somebody! Somebody is killing her! (T. Capote)