Lesson 1 Plural forms of nouns. Irregular nouns

Lesson 2.Countable and uncountable nouns.
(Donalab sanaladigan va donalab sanalmaydigan otlar)
A/an/some. How much/ How many?

1. 
   Donalab sanaladigan otlarni sanab bo‘ladi. Ular birlik va ko‘plikda ishlatiladi: a pen — two pens, three pens.
   

I’ve bought a book. Men (bitta) kitob sotib oldim.
I’ve bought two books. Men ikkita kitob sotib oldim.
There is a library in this street. Bu ko‘chada kutubxona bor.
There are very many libraries in Toshkentda ko‘p kutubxonalar bor.
Tashkent.

2. 
   Birlikda kelgan donalab sanaladigan otlar yakka o‘zi ishlatilmaydi. Ularning oldidan a,the, my, Olim’s (artikl, egalik olmoshlari yoki qaratqich kelishigi qo‘shimchasini olgan otlar) dan biri keladi:
   

I want a banana. (I want banana deb bo‘lmaydi).

3. 
   Moddiy va mavhum otlar donalab sanalmaydigan otlardir. Ular faqat birlikda ishlatiladi.
   

Coal is produced in many districts of our country.
Knowledge is power.

4. 
   Donalab sanalmaydigan otlar yakka o‘zi kelishi mumkin:
   

I eat rice every day. Men har kuni guruch yeyman.
Ba’zi moddiy otlar shu moddadan yasalgan buyumni ifodalab donalab sanaladigan otga aylanadi.
It is a good wine. – Bu yashi vino


We export lubricating oils.-Biz moylovhchilarni export qilamiz

5. 
   Ba’zi mavhum otlar konkretlashib donalab sanaladigan otlarga aylanadi:
   

He made a speech yesterday -Kecha u nutq so‘zlardi.

6. 
   Ba’zi donalab sanalmaydigan otlar ro‘yxati:
   

accomdation- qulaylik, turar joy advice - maslahat baggage- bagaj, yuk bread - non furniture-mebel money - pul homework-uy ishi luck - omad, baxt luggage -yuk

Information -malumot sand - qum measles - qizamiq mumps - tepki food - oziq-ovqat soap - sovun chaos - xaos, tartibsizlik damage - nosozlik, buzilish work — ish

Exercise 1
Look at the italicized words. Underline the noun. Is it count or noncount?

He is sitting on a chair.	(count)	noncount
He is sitting on old furniture.	count	(noncount)
She has a coin.	count	noncount
She has some money.	count	noncount
The street is full of heavy traffic.	count	noncount
There are a lot of cars in the street.	count	noncount
I know a fact about bees.	count	noncount
I have some information about bees.	count	noncount
The teacher gives us a lot of homework.	count	noncount
We have an easy assignment.	count	noncount
I like classical music.	count	noncount
Would you like some coffee?	count	noncount
Our school has a big library.	count	noncount
We are learning new vocabulary every day.	count	noncount
I need some advice.	count	noncount
Peter has a good job.	count	noncount
He likes his work.	count	noncount
Margo wears a lot of bracelets.	count	noncount

Exercise 2.Vocabulary and grammar.
Describe the pictures. Add -s to the ends of the words if necessary or write 0 (no ending).

1. Three rings
2. Some jewelry
3.some furniture

4. some chair
5. one coach
6. two table
7.two chair
8. one sofa
9. a lot of coin
10. a lot of money


Lesson 3. Subject pronoun. “To be” in the Present Simple. –“To be” xozirgi zamonda qo’llanishi
1. Boshqa fe’llardan farq qilib to be fe’lining Simple Presentda 1-shaxs birlikda, 3-shaxs birlikda va ko‘plikda alohida-alohida shakllari mavjud:

I am You are He is She is It is

We are You are They are

2. Bo‘lishsiz gaplar yasashda to be fe’lining tegishli shaklidan keyin notinkor yuklamasi qo‘yiladi: I am not,

3. So‘roq gaplar yasashda to be fe’lining shakli egadan oldinga o‘tka ziladi:
Am I? Are You? Is he?
4. To be fe’lining bo‘lishsiz buyruq shakli umumiy qoidaga asosan, uning oldiga do not (don’t)ni qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
Don’t be angry. Achchig‘ingiz kelmasin.
Don’t be late. Kechikmang
5. Og‘zaki nutqda Simple Presentning bo‘lishli shaklida odatda quyidagi qisqartirmalar yuz beradi:

I am =I’m you are = you’re She is = she’s He is =he’s It is = it’s

We are = we’re You are = you’re They are = they’re

Simple Present va zamonda quyidagi qisqartirishlar yuz beradi:

I am not = I’m not He is not = he’s not yoki he isn’t She is not = she’s not yoki she isn’t It is not = it’s not yoki it isn’t

We are not = we’re not yoki we aren’t You are not = you’re not yoki you aren’t They are not = they’re not yoki they aren’t

To be fe’li ot-kesimlarda bog‘lovchi bo‘lib keladi va -dir, edi, bo‘ ladideb tarjima qilinadi. O‘zbek tilida hozirgi zamonda ko‘pincha tushib qoladi:

He is an engineer. U — muhandis.
He is the best student in the first course. U birinchi kursda eng yaxshi talaba.
To be fe’li asosiy fe’l bo‘lib keladi va bo‘lmoq, joylashmoq ma’nosini beradi:
He is at the Institute now. U hozir institutda.

NOUN + IS + NOUN (a) Canada is a country. incorrect: Canada is country.	In (a): Canada = a singular noun is = a singular verb country = a singular noun A frequently comes in front of singular nouns. In (a): a comes in front of the singular noun country. A is called an “article.”
(b) Bali is an island. incorrect: Bali is island.	A and an have the same meaning. They are both articles. A is used in front of words that begin with consonants: b, c, d, f, g, etc. Examples: abed, a cat, a dog, a friend, a girl An is used in front of words that begin with the vowels a, e, i, and o* Examples: an animal, an ear, an island, an office an ear
an island

Exercise 1.Read the sentences and circle yes or no

1 He is happy. Yes, he is
2. She is sad. No, she is not
3. I am happy Yes, I am
Exercise 2.Complete the sentences with am, is,or are.
1. He is here. 4. She_____ earlv.
2. You__ late. 5. I_________ hot.
3. It readv. 6. He_________ cold.
Exercise 3.Circle the correct answer. One sentence has two answers

We are ready.

You are ready.

They are ready.

one	two,
one	two,
one	two,

Exercise 4.Make complete sentences

1.He \ here He is here.
2.They \ absent
3.She \ sick
4. I \ homesick
5. You and I \ homesick
6. We \ classmate
7.Jack \ hungry
8. You (one person) \ early
9.You (two persons) \ early
10. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson \ late
11.Amy and I \ late
Exercise 5.Complete the sentences with pronouns. Use contractions.
1.Sara is a student. She’s in my class.
2.James is a student. ___ in my class.
3.I am at school. _____ in the cafeteria.
4.Yuri and Anna are absent. _______at home.
5.Anna is from Russia. ___________nice.
6.Ali and I are in the same class. _______friends.
7.Yuri, Ali, and Anna are friends._______funny.
Exercise 6. Find the adjective in the first sentence. Then complete the second sentence with be + an adjective with an opposite meaning. Use an adjective from the box. Write the contracted form of be.
Beautiful expensive noisy short clean fast old tall easy / happy poor
1.I’m not sad. I ’m happy .
2.Mr. Thomas isn’t rich. He____ .
3.My hair isn’t long. It_____ .
4.My clothes aren’t dirty. They_____ .
5.Flowers aren’t ugly. They_____ . 
7. Airplanes aren’t slow. They_______
8.Grammar isn’t difficult. It ________
9.My sister isn’t short. She__________
10.My grandparents aren’t young. They_______
11.The classroom isn’t quiet. It __________
Exercise 7. Read the paragraph. Then complete the sentences with true answers. Several answers are possible for each item.
A Substitute Teacher
Today is Monday. It is the first day of English class. Mr. Anderson is an English teacher, but he isn’t in class today. He is at home in bed. Mrs. Anderson is in the classroom today. Mrs. and Mr. Anderson are husband and wife. Mrs. Anderson is a good teacher. The students are a little nervous, but they’re happy. Mrs. Anderson is very funny, and her explanations are clear. It’s a good class.
1.Mr. Anderson is an English teacher, sick, etc.
2.Mrs. Anderson is not__________________
3.Mr. and Mrs. Anderson are______________
4.The students are _________________
5.The English class is____________________

Glossary:
1.to be –bo’lmoq
2. angry – jahli chiqmoq
3. late – kech
4. a country – mamalakat
5. an island – orol
6. happy – quvon moq, hursand bo’lmoq
7. ready – tayyor
8. homesick- uy sog’inchi
9. adjective – sifat
10. contracted form –qisqartma shakl
Test:
A- Hello, what ______ your name?
A) is B) are C) am D) be
2. ______ name is John. And my ______ is Johnson.
A) Your / surname B) My / surname C) I / surname D) I / name
3. My name is Lisa. ______ Lisa Peterson.
A) My am B) I is C) I am D) I
4. ______ name is Apple. ______ Ann Apple.
A) His / She B) His / He’s C) Her / She’s D) His / His
5. “Where ______ John from?” “______ from the US.”
A) is / He’s B) is / His C) am / He’s D) is / She’s
6. ______ are you from? Uzbekistan.
A) What B) Who C) Where D) When
7. Where ______ you ______ ?
A) is / from B) are / in C) are / is D) are / from
8. ______ from Uzbekistan. I’m Ulug’bek.
A) I’m B) He’s C) You’re D) She’s
9. Pierre is a French boy. ______ from ______ .
A) He’s / France B) His’s / French C) His / France D) He / France
10. Lisa and Max are Americans. ______ from U.S.A.
A) There B) Their C) They’re D) Their’re

Lesson 4.Have got/has got

Have got - has got (long form)

Have got or has got is used to show possession. Have got forms are common in the present tense. Do not use do and got together.