Lesson Theme: The Old English Literature. Anglo-Saxon Literature
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Lecture 1
Lesson 1. Theme: The Old English Literature. Anglo-Saxon Literature. 1. The Ancient Britons and Their Language. 2. The Celt's Culture. 3. Mythology. 4. Purpose of Myths. 5. The Roman Conquest. 6. The Invasion of Britain by Germanic Tribes. 7. “Beowulf” OLD ENGLISH LITERTURE 600-1485 For the first eleven hundred years of its recorded history, the island of Britain suffered a series of invasions. The southern part of the island, washed by the warm waters of the Gulf Stream, was attractive to outsiders with its mild climate and rich soil. Each invasion brought bloodshed and sorrow, but each also brought new people with new culture and those different peoples created a nation. 250,000 years ago the island was inhabited by cave dwellers. Invaders from the Iberian Peninsula (Modern Spain and Portugal) overcame their culture about 2000 B.C., erecting Stonehenge - the circle of huge upright stones. Then a new group, the Celts, appeared. Migrating from East, the Celtic people spread throughout Europe before reaching the British Isles around 600 B.C. They used bronze and later iron tools and grew crops. Some Celtic tribes, each with its own King, warred with each other, and erected timber and stone fortresses. Their priests - called druids - made sacrifices in forest shrines. The people who lived in Britain at that time were called the Britons. Like all the ancient peoples the Celts made up many legends about their gods and heroes, they were called Sagas. The heroes of those Sagas and their adventures were imaginary. However, they give us an idea of the Celtic way of life, their occupations, tools, weapons, customs and religion. The greatest hero of such sagas was Cuchulainn ['ku:kulin]. According to the legends he lived in Ireland (Ulster). Cuchulainn was the greatest champion, like Achilles [e'kili:z], a Greek hero. Mythology is a collection of stories, telling people believes and history. Some major issues are the origin of humanity and its traditions and the way in which the natural and human world functions. Most often the deities' daily activities are described in mythology, their love affairs, pleasures, jealousy, rages, ambitions and skills. In the times of the Celts different kinds of mythological narrations appeared. Download 403.15 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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