Lotin amerikasi va o`zbek adabiyoti hikoyachiligida ruhiyat masalasi

LOTIN AMERIKASI VA O`ZBEK ADABIYOTI HIKOYACHILIGIDA RUHIYAT MASALASI

Nafisa Obidova
Navoiy davlat pedagogika instituti Ingliz tili va adabiyoti kafedrasi tayanch doktaranti

ANNOTATSIYA

XX asr boshidan to hozirgacha yaratilgan hikoyalarni oʻrganganimizda, soʻnggi yillardagi yaratilganlarida koʻproq qahramon ruhiyati orqali uning xarakterini ochib berish kuchaydi. Bu albatta, inson ruhiyati ya`ni psixologizmga borib taqaladi.
Adabiyotshunoslikda psixologizm muammosi kecha yoki bugun paydo boʻlgan hodisa emas, balki uning ildizlari tarixan juda chuqur ruhiy –psixologik hodisa ХХI asrga qadar bir talay tadrijiylikda oʻz taraqqiyot bosqichini bosib oʻtgan. Chunonchi, antik davr adabiyoti tarixiga nazar tashlasak, qadimgi davrlarda ham nafaqat mifologik obrazlar, balki real hayotiy hodisalarni tasvirlashda inson obrazi va uning qiyofasidagi tashqi va ichki tasvirni berish alohida oʻrin tutganligi ma’lum boʻladi. Masalan, Gomerning “Iliada” va “Odisseya”, Hind xalqining “Romayana” va “Mahabharat” dostonlarida, umuman olganda sharq va gʻarb xalq ogʻzaki ijodida inson tasviri astasekinlik bilan oʻz oʻrinini topa bordi. Gʻarb va Sharq xalqlari folklorida qahramonlarning ruhiy holati tasviri alohida oʻrin egallagan. Masalan, qahramonning tashqi koʻrinishi va uning portreti masalasida deyarli barcha xalqlar adabiyotida tasvir uslubida bir xillik va oʻxshashligi koʻzga tashlanadi.(1)
Kalit so`zlar: Psixologizm, Lotin Amerikasi, hikoyachilik, psixologik obraz, kognitiv, ruhiyat, konflikt.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES IN THE STORY OF LATIN AMERICAN AND

UZBEK LITERATURE

ABSTRACT
As we study the stories created from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present, the character of the protagonist becomes more and more revealed in recent years through his psyche. This, of course, goes back to the human psyche, that is, psychology. In literature, the problem of psychologism is not a phenomenon that arose yesterday or today, but a very deep psychological phenomenon with deep historical roots. For example, if we look at the history of ancient literature, it is clear that in ancient times, not only mythological images, but also the image of man and the external and internal image of his image played a special role in depicting real life events. For example, in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, in the Indian epics Romayana and the Mahabharata, and in the oral tradition of Eastern and Western peoples in general, the image of man gradually found its place. In the folklore of the peoples of the West and the East, the image of the mental state of the heroes has a special place. For example, in the literature of almost all nations, the appearance and portrait of the protagonist are similar in style.
Key words: Psychologism, Latin America, storytelling, psychological imagery, cognitive, psyche, conflict.