Microsoft Word stilistika O'UM. doc

collocational restriction – restriction whereby a word, in the context of (or when 
collocated with) another specific lexeme, has a literal meaning different from its usual 
one. For example, the meaning ‘not sweet’ for the adjective dry is restricted to the 
collocation dry wine. 
combining form – bound morpheme, more root-like than affix-like, usually of Greek 
or Latin origin, that occurs only in compounds, usually with other combining forms. 
Examples are poly- and -gamy in polygamy. 
comparison – grammatical category associated with adjectives. Many English 
adjectives distinguish basic, ‘comparative’ and ‘superlative’ forms (e.g. hot, hotter, 
hottest). 
compound – word containing more than one root (or combining form). See also 
primary compound, secondary compound. 
conversion – the derivation of one lexeme from another without any overt change in 
shape. Some linguists analyse this phenomenon as zero-derivation. 
cranberry morph(eme) – morpheme (or allomorph) that occurs in only one word 
(more precisely, only one lexeme). 
defective – term applied to a lexeme that lacks one or more of the grammatical words 
(and the associated word forms) that most lexemes of its class possess. For example, 
the archaic verb lexeme ‘said’ (as in quoth he) is defective in that it has only a past 
tense form.
derivational morphology – area of morphology concerned with the way in which 
lexemes are related to one another (or in which one lexeme is derived from another) 
through processes such as affixation.
duality of patterning – parallel divisibility of speech into both meaningless units 
(sounds, syllables) and units with meaning or grammatical function 
(morphemes, words). 
endocentric (of a compound or derived word) – possessing a head. See also 
exocentric. 
exocentric (of a compound or derived word) – lacking a head. For example, the 
noun sell-out is exocentric because it contains no component that determines its word 
class (sell being a verb and out being an adverb).