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2.2 Lexical meaning.
Do children wear ‘crepes’, ‘daps’, ‘gutties’, ‘pumps’, ‘plimsolls’ or ‘sand-shoes’ for school PE lessons? Explore how different words for the same object occur across the UK.
If you hear the following statement, you can make an educated guess about where the speaker is coming from:
happen she were wearing a mask
The occurrence here is an example of the difference in vocabulary between "probably" and "probably". Perhaps he will find the speaker in an area located in the Pennines: Yorkshire or Lancashire or the neighboring areas of the East Midlands. The popular image of dialect speech focuses almost exclusively on dialect vocabulary, and while there were once regional differences in vocabulary across Great Britain, considerable lexical diversity remains.
Observing lexical variation
All languages ​​change over time and change according to place and social environment. By comparing the way English is pronounced in different places and in different social groups, we can observe lexical changes—differences in words and phrases. Despite the belief that dialect words are no longer in widespread use, great lexical diversity remains in Great Britain.
This is shown, for example, by the variety of words used for "bulma bread" in different parts of the country. If you live in Lancashire, you can buy a barm cake, and people in the Pennines in Leeds can ask for a bread cake. You might be offered mushrooms in a bakery in Derby, and you might eat a bunch when you visit Coventry, although each of these words refers to almost the same product.
another skill, eh, when we clean the hands by hand with the old meak, the old didle and the chrome - it's all a hassle.
Traditional industries such as agriculture and mining once provided the English language with a rich dialect vocabulary. For example, farming is inherently dependent on the local landscape, and agricultural practices vary across the country accordingly.
Until relatively recently, local livestock breeds and traditional farming practices created their own localized vocabulary, while hand tools for manual labor were usually locally produced and therefore given different names in different parts of the country.
Due to the mechanization of farms and the automation of heavy industry, many of these words have fallen into disuse now, as the objects they refer to have become obsolete or the practice has become anachronistic.
Like the tools themselves, the words have become collector's items or museum pieces, but there are few people working in traditional industries or rural communities for whom the words remain part of the everyday vocabulary.
OED entry
meak: Eng. a regional (chiefly E. Anglian) tool with a long handle and curved iron or blade used for watering or cutting peas, twigs, canes, etc. Also recorded in the Survey of English Dialects (SED) in Garboldisham, Norfolk.
didle: (native) a sharp triangular spade used for clearing ditches. The English Dialect Dictionary (EDD) cites its use in Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex, and is also recorded in SED fieldwork at Huderston in Norfolk.
crome: (local) a hook or crook; esp. a stick with a hook at the end for pulling weeds from ditches. EDD mentions use in Norfolk and Essex, and SED has been recorded in fieldwork at several sites in East Anglia.