Module III methods/Strategies of Teaching History
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EDU 760 History Methods
2.0
Objectives By the end of this unit, you should be able to: (i) Identify the differences between aims and objectives in teaching and learning. (ii) Explain why aims and objectives are necessary in planning for teaching of history. (iii) State objectives from a given aim in history. 3.0 Aims and Objectives 3.1 Meaning of Aims Aims and goals are synonymously used. Aim is seen as a broad statement of intent and the first step about planning a programme. It is a general statement representing an idea or aspiration. In other words, an aim is a non-specific guideline and relates to overall policy or strategy rather than detailed specification. Ndubisi (1981) defined aims as “overall, foreseen ends of schooling that give direction to activities and motivate behaviour”. In curriculum and instructional studies, aims are usually seen as very general statement of goals and purposes. Aims are therefore, general targets of education, which are derived from the needs, problems and philosophy of society. For instance aims of education may include the development of National consciousness, social and moral abilities of the child, etc. From our example, it could be seen that aims and goals are ‘global’; they are ‘overall’; they are ‘vague’ but they give indication of what the schools should be doing. 3.2 Meaning of Objectives Objectives are statements often of quantifiable operational nature, indicating events from which mastery of desired activities may be correctly inferred. It is a statement describing a proposed change in a learner. i.e. what the learner is to be like when he has successfully 16 completed a learning experience. It is in fact a description of a pattern of behaviour expected from the learner after being exposed to a learning process (instruction, educational treatment or stimulation). Objectives should be expressed in terms of conduct or behaviour expected in relation to skills, ideas or values involved. Objectives are derived from the aims of education. While aims are general, objectives are more specific and definite. Objectives of education are therefore, subsets of aims of education as shown in Table 1. Download 488.85 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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