Neuro-physiological basis of sensations Visual senses Muscle movement sensations, static sensations

Theme: Sensitive hearing

Plan:

1. 
   Neuro-physiological basis of sensations
   
2. 
   Visual senses
   
3. 
   Muscle - movement sensations, static sensations
   
4. 
   The lower absolute sensitivity threshold 
   

Intuition - we say that as a result of the direct impact of objects and events around us on our sense organs, some of their signs and characteristics are reflected in our brain.
The analyzer is a system of nervous mechanisms that receives the effects from the external and internal environment and transforms the physiological process into a mental process, i.e. sensations.

It is known that there are many signs and characteristics of things and events in the external world that surround us. For example, things' color, taste, smell, hardness or softness, roughness or flatness, temperature, etc. We also reflect different signs and characteristics of these things and events in our minds through our different sense organs.
Our body is attacked by billions of stimuli from the outside world . And in our dark inner world, our mysterious brain works. This fact raises a fundamental problem of psychology for more than a thousand years. A hundred years ago, psychology developed as a science in solving the problem: Do the figures that surround us get into our brains?
In modern language, it can be interpreted as follows: how we construct our imaginations about the external world; the transformation of campfire smoke into active neural circuits? How do we understand the wave, temperature and smell of fire smoke from living neurochemistry? In order for us to reflect the picture of the world in our brain, we know the physical energy of the external world and encode it in the form of nerve signals, and this process is called traditional intuition . And then we take it and we organize and interpret our sensations, and this process is called conventional perception. In our daily practice, intuition and perception are said to be a continuous process. In Chapters 5 and 6, we will look at the process of combining the two parts.
We begin this chapter with sensory receptors and look at higher-level data processing. Introductory sensory analysis is known in psychology as the bottom-up processing of information by schema. Disruption of the sensory process can occur anywhere from the sensory receptor to the perceptual interpretation. For example, if a person is born with a cataract in his eyes, his eyes cannot see light, even if the most complex mechanism works in this process, he cannot know the information of vision. Brain-damaged patients also have some sensory and perceptual circuits. When the temporal part of the cerebral cortex is damaged, the ability to recognize human faces is lost, and this disease is prosopagnosia. is called His senses are normal, but his perception is not. It can receive data by sight and characterize a person's facial structure, but cannot recognize him. He pays attention when he is shown an unfamiliar face. When he is shown a familiar face, his autonomic nervous system response indicates that he becomes anxious and begins to sweat, but he cannot tell who the person is. When he sees his face in the mirror, he comes to this confusion again. Because the brain is damaged, it cannot process information in a top-down fashion - it cannot connect accumulated knowledge with sensory information. ^[1]
Various signs and characteristics of things and events around us always affect our sense organs. As a result, we have different sensations. For example, the sense of sight as a result of the impact of rays on our eyes, the sense of hearing as a result of the impact of air waves of different speeds and voltages on our ears, the sense of sound that enters the nasal cavity with the air during breathing. As a result of the impact of various particles of matter, the sense of smell, the skin (tactile - something touching our skin) or the sense of pressure, and similar sensations are always formed.
So, by intuition , we mean that some of their signs and characteristics are reflected in our brain as a result of the direct impact of objects and events around us on our sense organs.
Intuition is a simple psychological process within cognitive processes that reflects things and events in the external world. The stimuli from the outside world reflect certain signs and characteristics and the internal state of the organism by directly affecting certain receptors. It is known that the first stage of human perception begins with emotional cognition, and then it passes to logical cognition. Intuition is also a simple psychological process, and its occurrence does not occur by itself. These include:
The presence of something and an event that affects the sense organs.
The presence of a sensing device, that is, an analyzer. For example, we feel the coldness of the air, the hardness of iron, the softness of snow, etc.
Sensation is related to perception, but it is necessary to perceive things and events before they can be perceived, so sensations are the result of the impact of matter on our sense organs. It receives, selects and collects sensory information, receives and processes the flow of information every second and delivers it to the brain. As a result, tevarak is an adequate "appropriate" reflection of the surrounding external world and the organism's internal state. The sense organs are one of the ways that the external world enters the human mind.