Of the republic of uzbekistan tashkent state pedagogical university namedafter nizami

CONCLUSION
Homonyms do not appear in the language separately. A word falls into the category of homonyms only if it corresponds to some other word or words that have the same form (i.e., the same spelling and / or pronunciation), but a different meaning. Consequently, the main structural unit of homonymy is not a separate homonym, but a group of words that are homonymous to each other. In the literature, there are various names for designating such groups, among which are “homonymous nests” , “homonymous chains” , “homonymous series” or “homonymous groups” . According to T.I. Petrova, only within the framework of the homo-group is the homonymy of words manifested.
In this work, a homogroup is understood as a set of words that are homonymous with each other, i.e. words that have the same spelling and/or pronunciation and different lexical and/or grammatical meanings.
To study a homogroup, it is necessary to consider its structure using a specific example. As an example, let's take a group of homonyms with the same sound and spelling Bill, which consists of 5 words: 1) Bill p, “a printed or written statement of the money owed for goods or services”; 2) Bill v7 "list (a person or event) in a program"; 3) Bill n2 "the beak of a bird, especially when it is slender, flattened, or weak, or belongs to a web-footed bird or a bird of the pigeon family"; 4) Bill v2 "(of birds, especially doves) stroke bill with bill during courtship"; 5) Bill wi "a medieval weapon like a halberd with a hook instead of a blade" . In accordance with the definition of homonyms, each member of a homogroup must differ from any other member either in lexical or grammatical meaning, or both at the same time. 
The relationship between marked and unmarked members in homonymous groups can be illustrated by examples presented in the work of T.I. Petrova. So, in the binomial homogroup hair (n) "hair" - hare (n) "hare" the relationship between the members has the following form: hair (n) - hare (n). A similar type of relationship between members can also be found in the tripartite homogroup temple (n) “temple” - temple (n) “temple” - temple (n) “pressure bar”: temple (n) - temple (n) - temple (n) . The presence of several marked members is characterized by the polynomial homogroup batter (p) “whipped dough” - batter (p) “player” - batter (p) “ledge, slope” (archit.) - batter (v) “beat”, “pound”, “knead clay” - batter (v) “deflect”: batter (n) - batter (n) - batter (n) і I batter (v) batter (v).
In the above example of a homogroup, the labeled member is the noun Hull meaning "the main body of a ship or other vessel, including the bottom, sides, and deck but not the masts, superstructure, rigging, engines, and other fittings". Thus, the choice of a marked member is difficult to recognize as objective. In addition, it is not clear whether there is a general need to single out a marked member of a homogroup if the words included in its composition are independent lexical units, and the presence of several marked members in a homogroup eliminates the primacy of the first word of the homogroup.
A significant contribution to the study of the structural features of the homonymy of the language was made by L.V. Malakhovskiy. It was he who introduced into scientific circulation such concepts for designating the structural units of a homogroup as hyperlexeme and homosegment. Structural units that unite words that belong to the same part of speech, but differ in lexical meaning, he defined as homosegments, and structural units that unite words that have a common lexical semantics, but belong to different parts of speech, L.V. . Malakhovskiy designated them as hyperlexemes.