Oliy malaka toifasi uchun: Homilador ayollardan qon ketganda shoshilinch yordam ko`rsatish

Eritrotsitar massa quyishga ko‘rsatmalar.

Transfusion of erythrocyte mass, also known as red blood cell transfusion, is a medical procedure used to replace or supplement a patient's red blood cells. Here are general instructions for the transfusion of erythrocyte mass:

1. Prescribing and Ordering:
- The decision to transfuse erythrocyte mass is made by a healthcare provider based on the patient's clinical condition, hemoglobin level, and symptoms.
- The appropriate blood product, including the type and Rh factor, should be prescribed and ordered. Compatibility testing is required to ensure a compatible match between the donor blood and the recipient.

2. Informed Consent:
- Before the transfusion, the patient or their authorized representative should provide informed consent, which includes information about the benefits, risks, and alternatives to the procedure.

3. Pre-transfusion Preparation:
- The healthcare provider should verify the patient's identity using two patient identifiers (e.g., name, date of birth) and confirm the blood product details against the patient's identification.
- The blood product should be properly labeled and cross-checked by at least two healthcare professionals to ensure accuracy.
- The blood product should be properly stored and handled according to the guidelines to maintain its integrity and prevent contamination.

4. Vital Signs Monitoring:
- Baseline vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, should be obtained and documented prior to the transfusion.
- Vital signs should be monitored regularly during the transfusion, typically every 15 minutes for the first hour, and then periodically thereafter, or as per institutional guidelines.

5. Administration Procedure:
- The blood product should be administered using a dedicated blood transfusion set with a filter.
- A healthcare provider should remain with the patient during the initial 15 minutes of the transfusion to monitor for any adverse reactions.
- The transfusion rate should be initially slow (e.g., 2-5 mL/min) for the first 15 minutes to monitor for any signs of adverse reactions.
- If no adverse reactions occur, the transfusion rate can be gradually increased, usually up to a maximum of 100-150 mL/min.
- The patient's vital signs should be monitored closely during the transfusion to detect any signs of transfusion reactions or fluid overload.

6. Documentation:
- Accurate documentation is essential throughout the transfusion process, including the patient's vital signs, start and end times of the transfusion, the volume of blood transfused, and any significant observations or adverse reactions.

It's important to note that the above instructions are general guidelines, and the specific procedures and protocols for erythrocyte mass transfusion may vary depending on institutional policies and the patient's individual needs. Healthcare providers should follow their organization's protocols and guidelines for safe and appropriate transfusion practices.

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