Основы эксплуатации систем теплоснабжения. Испытание, промывка и пуск теплосетей

Basics of operating heat supply systems.

• Plan:
• 1. Main defects of heating system elements, their causes and methods of elimination
• 2. Testing , flushing and commissioning of heating systems.

Failure to warm up the risers occurs if:

Failure to warm up the risers occurs if:

• The working valve installed on the riser is not fully open;
• air pockets have arisen (to eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to check the slopes of the attic pipeline and install flow-through air collectors on it);
• a blockage has occurred in the upper part of the hot riser or in the lower part of the return riser (the blockage is removed by dismantling the corresponding part of the non-heating riser);
• the flow area of the riser is narrowed by a plug with an excessively long thread screwed into the tee on the riser (to drain water from it or let air into it);
• return pressure is insufficient and part of the system has emptied.

Insufficient heat transfer from heating devices throughout the building occurs if:

Insufficient heat transfer from heating devices throughout the building occurs if:

• the temperature schedule of water supplied from the thermal power plant or boiler house is not observed (depending on the outside air temperature); in this case, reducing the temperature of the water entering the building by 1 °C lowers the temperature of the premises by approximately 0.3 °C;
• the amount of incoming water is less than calculated;
• The insulation of external heating networks is faulty. At the same time, the cooling of the water in them sometimes reaches 10 ° C with an acceptable norm of 2 ° C.

Insufficient heat transfer from heating devices occurs:

Insufficient heat transfer from heating devices occurs:

• if the radiator is in the wrong position;
• if the heating device is covered by furniture or household items (the distance from the device to the furniture must be at least 60 mm);
• if there is a lot of dirt and sludge in the device. In this case, you need to disconnect it and wash it 2-3 times. If, as a result of long-term use or negligence during installation, dirt is found in many devices, the entire system should be flushed by filling it two or three times and quickly draining it through a large-diameter pipe temporarily connected to the lowest point of the system .