O’tgan zamonda boshlanib hozirga kelib tugagan va natijasi,emotsiyasi ko’rinib turgan ish-xarakatlar uchun ishlatiladi

6.Ma’lum bir muddatdan beri qilingan ish-xarakatni aytish uchun ishlatiladi.(for,since)
e.g Uni 2 yildan beri taniyman(I have known him for 2 years)
e.g Olimpiya o’yinlari to’xtovsiz 1896 yildan beri davom etib keldi (The international Olympic games have continued almost without interruption since 1896)
e.g The world has enjoyed Beethoven’s music for nearly 200 years

For-boshlanish vaqti no’malum(dan beri,mobaynida)
for 2 years, for 15 minutes, for an hour, for 5 secunds…
e.g We have lived here for 3 years,but we are going to move again soon

Since-boshlanish vaqti ma’lum(dan beri)
since 2001, since Monday, since XX century,since morning…
e.g I have known C.R 7 since 2009
Attention: since dan so’ng aniq vaqt emas gap kelsa gapning zamoni doim Past Simple bo’ladi.
e.g I have known C.R 7 since he invited me to see his games.
e.g My wife and I have argued only once since we got married

Question(so’roq gap)
Have/has+Subject+Verb3/ed+O+P+T?
1. Biror bir ish-xarakatni hayoting davomida hech qilganmisan deyish uchun ishlatiladi.
- Have you ever talked to girls?
- Have you ever met anyone famous?
- Have you ever thought of winning the lottery?
- have you ever read any books by Edward de Bone?
2.Biror ish harakatni hozirgacha tugatdinmi dib so’ralsa ishlatiladi.(bu degani faqat finish ishlatilishi kerak degani emas!!!)
-Have you set the table for the meal?
- Have you finished your essay? You have been writing it for 2 hours!!! Hurry up,otherwise the teacher is not going to take yours
Have you talked to your dad about your new plans?
Has she called you from England yet?
Negative(inkor gap)
Subject+have/has+not+Verb3/ed+O+P+T.
1.Hayoti davomida hech qachon qilinmagan ish-harakatlar uchun ishlatiladi.
e.g Man bunaqa shirin ovqatni hech qachon yemaganman(I have never eaten such kind of delicious food)
e.g U hech qachon mani poygada yutmagan(He has never defeated me in a race)