O’zbekistоn respublikasi оliy va o’rta maxsus ta`lim vazirligi

The object of study of tribology is friction contact . This is a complex system consisting of two interacting bodies and an intermediate medium (the third body). Surface layers of interacting bodies are substantially inhomogeneous. The heterogeneity of the surface layer occurs due to the use of various types of surface treatment technologies, the application of wear-resistant or solid lubricating coatings, as well as during operation, due to reactions with the environment. The properties of the intermediate medium depend on the lubricants used, surface destruction products, and reactions occurring in the contact interaction zone.
It should be noted that during friction, the mechanical and geometric properties of the surface layers, their chemical composition change due to heating, ongoing chemical reactions, destruction, damage accumulation, changes in the structure, which, in turn, affects the stress state and the nature of subsequent destruction. In addition, the processes of frictional interaction are also affected by the environment.
The main tasks of fundamental tribology are:
- study of the mechanisms of friction and wear of tribocouplings and modeling of processes occurring in the area of contact interaction during friction;
- development of control methods for these processes in order to increase the durability and reliability of tribocouples;
- development of computational methods for estimating contact stiffness, friction forces and durability of tribocouplings under given operating conditions.
Tribology is an interdisciplinary science based on the knowledge of such fundamental sciences as mechanics, mathematics, since mathematical modeling is a research tool, in particular, all problems of the mechanics of contact interaction of deformable bodies, physics, chemistry and materials science.
Modern models of friction contact mechanics are aimed at studying the stress state and destruction of surfaces during the interaction of deformable bodies, taking into account their microgeometry, structural components and inhomogeneity of mechanical characteristics.
The study of chemical processes occurring at the friction contact showed that active processes of destruction and structuring occur in polymers during friction. With friction without lubrication, tribochemical synthesis reactions are also possible.
The effective functioning of friction units in machines and mechanisms is ensured by the introduction of various lubricants, which significantly reduce friction and wear of rubbing metal surfaces. A special role in improving the efficiency of these materials belongs to tribologically active additives introduced into lubricants in an amount of several percent.