O‘zbekiston respublikasi xalq ta’limi vazirligi samarqand viloyati xalq ta’limi xodimlarini qayta tayyorlash va ularning malakasini oshirish hududiy markazi tillarni o‘itish metodikasi kafedrasi

The address system
In most languages there are specific linguistic features that mark the relationship of the speakers, for example: the tu/usted/uous and du/ni varieties of the second-person pronoun or the honorifics. In English this relationship is marked by the use of the address system. Most Americans have three names: a first (sometimes called a given) name, a middle name (or an initial), and a last name (called the family name, or surname). Examples:
James Arthur Phillips
Barbara Kay Tillitt
Dan D. Newton
Patricia Redford
As in any language or culture, people who do not know each other well or who differ in status use formal address: title + family (last) name, for example, Dr. Johnson. In universities, some departments insist on formality and the use of title + last name. Others prefer a less formal use of names and titles. Look and listen to the people in your department.
People who know each other well use first names in both informal and formal situations. To change from a formal naming relationship to an informal one, the superior (in age, position, etc.) should suggest it:
A: Why don't you call me Bill?
B: All right, Bill.
This often happens in an informal situation, such as a party or a social event.
Note: If an American name is new to you, you should find out whether it is a man’s name or a woman’s name, to avoid embarrass¬ment to yourself later. A few names (Chris, Pat, Bobby, Terry, etc.) can refer either to a female or to a male.
FIRST NAME
Female
Barbara
Catherine, Kathryn
Christina
Jean
Patricia
Susan, Suzanne
Male
Alfred
Charles
Christopher
David
James
John
Joseph
Patrick
Robert
FIRST NAME FIRST NAME
(SHORT) (DIMINUTIVE)
Barb Barbie
Cathy, Kathy, Kate Kitty, Katie
Chris, Tina Chrissy
Jean Jeannie
Pat, Trish Patty, Patti
Sue Susie, Suzy
A1 Alfie
Chuck Charlie
Chris
Dave Davy, Davie
Jim Jimmy
Jack Johnny, Jackie
Joe Joey
Pat Paddy
Bob, Rob Bobby, Robby

ADDRESS FORMS

Dr, Snow Professor Schultz Dean Schoolcraft Mr. Carnegie Miss Scaife Mrs, Snow Ms. Newman
Susan
Melanie
Barbara
Patricia
Joseph
Anderson
Smith
Pearson
Polifroni
FUNCTION
Formal
Title + last name Used in formal situations
Mr.\ a man
Miss: a single woman
Mrs.: a married woman
Ms.: a single or married woman
Full first name
Note: Some people want their full first name used in all situations.
Informal
Last name only
Used in sports or in the military, and in some offices. Used by a superior to a subordinate or among equals. Do not use this form unless you are certain that it is appropriate.
INTRODUCTIONS RESPONSE
How do you do?
Glad to meet you.
Nice to meet you.
Pleased to meet you.
Nice to meet you. Hi.
INTRODUCER
I’d like to introduce Henry Cheng.
I’d like to introduce Marie Brandon.
I’d like you to meet Patricia Murphy.
I’d like to introduce Tony Angelo.
I’d like you to meet Akiko Sato.
This is Ali Hassan.
SELF-INTRODUCTIONS
How do you do? I’m Julie Duarte. Pleased to meet you. I’m Sue Washington.
Nice to meet you. I’m Eva Beck.
Hi. I’m Margaret, but everyone calls me Peggy.
Hello. I’m John du Plessis.
Hello. My name is George Kyrkostas.
I don’t think we’ve met. I’m Young Kim.
Hi. I’m Mike. What’s your name?
RESPONSE
How do you do?
The pleasure is mine.
Nice to meet you.
I’ve heard so much about you.
Hi.
C. Mini-roleplays
Directions: Discuss the situation with your partner(s) and decide on the proper level of formality. Then practice. You can use the sug¬gested expressions if you want to. When you are ready, perform for the class and discuss your performance with your teacher and classmates.
Roleplay 1
A and B work in the same department. A has just started this week.
They meet C, president of the company, at the water fountain.
Useful expressions
ABC
Newest like you to meet increased productivity
Roleplay 2
A is in a new class at school and wants to make new friends. A intro¬duces himself or herself to B, who seems to know the way around.
Useful expressions
A B
English, too? Have an apartment?
Courses are great live on campus
Roleplay 3
A is invited to fi’s house for coffee, but A doesn’t like B. A must decide whether or not to accept B’s invitation.
Useful expressions
A
Not sure about Saturday
Busy schedule
will let you know for sure we should get together more often
Hope you can come
Wouldn’t be any fun without you
Roleplay 4
A thinks B is nice, but they don’t know each other very well. A invites B to a party A is having.
Useful expressions
A
always studying not sure about that don’t dance much
never see you outside of class must be a good student having a party this Saturday come on over if you can