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THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING VOCABULARY
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10.Pedagogika yonalishi 3 qism
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THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING VOCABULARY Ruzimova Shokhista Komiljon qizi Tashkent city, Sergeli district, School 285 Phone number: +998(97)4493108 E-mail: ruzimovashokhista@gmail.com Annotation: Vocabulary represents one of the most important skills necessary for teaching and learning a foreign language. It is the basis for the development of all the other skills. Vocabulary is the main tool for students to use English effectively. Key words: Spelling, Pronunciation, Vocabulary acquisition, Approach, Direct method, Audiolingualism, Add-on. The teaching of vocabulary is important because without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed. People need to use words to express themselves in the English language, most learners acknowl- edge the importance of vocabulary acquisition. This is why most of the words need to be taught so that there cannot be many problems as in communication due to a lack of vocabulary. Some other students might be confronted with the problem of forgetting the words immediately after the teach- er has elicited the meaning of the words or after looking at them in the dictionary and this also is caused by luck of vocabulary. The more words students learn, the easier they memorize them. The teacher has an essential role in helping students to improve vocabulary. Unfortunately, vocabulary teaching has not been enough responsive to such problems. If we look back in the past, we discov- er that for a long time, English used teaching approaches such as Direct Method and Audiolingual- ism which emphasized the importance of teaching grammatical structures. Since the accent was on grammar, few words were introduced in such courses and most often, they were limited and related to the grammar structures taught. Today there is so much freedom in choosing the meth- ods to be used during English classes. The English syllabus is organized around both vocabulary and grammar structures. Teachers, therefore, usually have the necessary time to insist on teaching and practicing vocabulary. Vocabulary is no longer treated as an add-on and this means teachers becoming more aware of the importance of vocabulary and attention is paid to especially with the teaching of grammar of words. Nevertheless, not all students move at the same speed and can still have some difficulties in expressing themselves fluently such can consider speaking English has difficult and exhausting. Another aspect that can make vocabulary difficult is the pronunciation of certain words. As we have learned that some students can face challenges with vocabulary like in pronunciation of certain word some techniques might help the teacher to help the students. To have a rich vocabulary, students need not only to learn as many words as possible, but they also need to remember them because learning is remembering. With regarding these several techniques have been designed to help learners efficiently memorize words and teachers make the process of learning easier for their students, one of the techniques that a teacher can use when teaching vo- cabulary is repetition. It is an important technique in learning/teaching vocabulary. for the words to be kept as long as possible in the memory, however, repetition alone will not be effective hence it needs to be accompanied by the understanding of the meaning of those particular words and by correlation with other similar already learned words. Another important Technique is using newly learned words. In this case, the teachers’ role is also valuable. In the classroom teachers should insist on practicing the vocabulary by encouraging students to speak as much as possible and by designing vocabulary centered activities and games. Practicing vocabulary is strongly connected to applying vocabulary to students‘ real-life events. The students will acquire vocabulary easily if they practice it by associating words with events from their daily life E.g creating a real-life event like “going to Italy” and then letting the students perform a situation in which all the words can be included. This can be done in the classroom as well as at home and will certainly entertain students and have positive results. 1. hot seat This is a great activity that can be used as a warm-up at the beginning of a class, or as a game at the end of a lesson. It’s suitable for any class size over 4 students and requires mini- mal preparation. divide the class into two teams and have two chairs at the front of the class, set up to face away from the board. have one student from each team come and sit in the chairs and tell them not to turn and look at the board. The premise of the game is for you to write a word or 209 10 expression from your lesson on the board, and have the students facing away from the board guess what it is. Give each team 10 points to start with and tell them if they break any rules, points will be deducted. The rules must include no miming (you want students to give verbal clues) and no use of their own language. Other students call out clues and whichever of the students at the front guesses correctly first gets the point. have other students replace them each time. This is a fun game that can get quite noisy. You might want to exert some control by giving each team 15-second chunks to give clues. develop your rules as you see fit. 2. beat the clock This is a similar activity to hot seat, in that students must guess words or expressions from your lesson and/or previous lessons. It’s faster paced so you will need more vocabulary to use, although each expression can be used more than once. have the words on slips of paper or card in an envelope or box. With this game, you will need to set the class into teams of about 6 maximum, but you may find slight adaptions make it suitable for either smaller or bigger classes. have one team come to the front and have one student from the team pick out slips from the box and give clues for the rest of the team to guess, or vice-versa. Award points for the number of expressions guessed within the allotted time. Each round should last no longer than 30 seconds so that you even up contributions and involvement of each student. Allow weaker students to put back any expressions they feel unable to give clues for and take out another by saying “pass”. 3. crosswords crosswords can be used very effectively in the ESL classroom, and there are plenty of free easy to use crossword makers on the internet. because you can so easily make your own, they are very versatile in terms of both level and length. Print off two copies without answers or clues, and write in all the down answers on one copy and all the across answers on the other. Make copies as needed for the class size, assuming one set per 2-4 students depending on how you choose to conduct the game. The idea is for students to give each other clues for their pairing to complete either the down or across answers. Give one pair of students in each group the copy with the down answers filled in and their opposing pair the copy with the across answers. Make sure they can’t see each other’s sheets! They then ask “What is (number) across/down? The opposing students then create clues for them to guess. have a wrap-up at the end by asking students to give you clues they’d used for specific words. Vocabulary is the most important skill when learning /teaching a foreign language. It is on vo- cabulary that all the other skills like reading, writing, speaking, and listening are based and devel- oped. This has shown why it is important to learn new words. Vocabulary helps students express themselves more precisely and sharpens communication skills it also requires students to cognitive academic language proficiency. When students learn more of 90-95% of the vocabulary words helps students to understand what other people are saying and what she/he is reading. Without a sufficient understanding of words, it’s difficult for students to understand others or express their ideas. Teaching vocabulary is important across the curriculum from language arts and social stud- ies to mathematics and science. by learning several words at the students’ disposal of describing events or emotions, they can be that explicit when sharing ideas their ideas and opinions. References: 1. biemiller, A (2004). Teaching vocabulary in the primary grades. 2. Allen, V.f (1983). Techniques in teaching vocabulary. New York: Oxford University Press. |
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