Pokonferencyjna

Reference
1.  Abdullaev F, Eshondadaev D, Tajik steady 
phrases in the Uzbek language// Uzbek 
language and literature, 1973, №1-40-
45pp.
2.  Borovkov A.K. Uzbek-Tajik bilinguity and 
issue about interrelation of tajik and Uz-
bek languages// Scientific notes of the In-
stitute of Orient study AS., Volume IV., M., 
1952, 165-200pp.
3.  Begmatov E. Lexical layers of modern Uz-
bek literary language, Tashkent, Fan, 1985, 
113pp
4.  Mirtojiev M., Borrowed word- engrafted 
stemlet, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 1988, 
5-17pp.
5.  Hushenova S.V. Steady phraseological 
units of Tajik language.-Dushanbe: Irfon, 
1967, 36-38pp.
6.  Abbreviations
7.  PDUL-Rahmatullaev Sh. Phraseological 
dictionary of the Uzbek language, Tash-
kent, 1992
8.  EDUL-5- Explanatory dictionary of the 
Uzbek language. Five volume. Tashkent, 
2006-2008
9.  EDPUL-Mengliev B., Khudoyberdieva M. 
Educational dictionary of phrases of the 
Uzbek language, Tashkent, 2007
10.  SURPD Sodikova M.Short Uzbek-Russian 
phraseological dictionary, Tashkent, 1989.

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  153 
PHILOLOGY,  SOCIOLOGY AND CULTUROLOGY №14
According to Vangie Beal, an acronym 
is a word that is formed by combining 
some parts (usually the first letters) of 
some other terms. In everyday speech, the 
term is also used to refer to  initial-
isms,  which are combinations of letters 
representing a longer phrase. For exam-
ple,  CRT  is an initialism for  cath-
ode  ray  tube. The difference is that an 
acronym is pronounced as if it were a 
word rather than just a series of individu-
al letters
1
.
An acronym is a pronounceable word 
formed from the first letter (or first few 
letters) of each word in a phrase or title. 
Sometimes, the newly combined letters 
create a new word that becomes a part of 
everyday language. In this thesis, there are 
described and summarized several acro-
nyms and initialisms that related to Eng-
1 https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/acronym.
html
lish language teaching and learning by the 
author. We hope that this glossary materi-
als to assist everyone to encounter teach-
ing career and outcome learning difficul-
ties of learners and instructors.
Recently, most teachers apply for a dif-
ferent International certificates for be-
coming qualified specialists or to work in 
several parts of the globe. For these, they 
usually obtain international teaching cer-
tificates. At the bottom, there are ex-
plained such type of certificates and their 
differences.
A TEFL (Teaching English as a foreign 
language) certificate  covers the funda-
mental concepts and practical application 
that apply to Teaching English as a For-
eign Language. A TEFL certificate, when 
issued from a reputable institution, is a 
professional certification, but it is not a 
teaching license.  TEFL certification  is 
usually required or highly recommended