Power house arrangements and hydraulic
Fig.9 Solbergfoss Kaplan turbine P=100 MW H=20 m n=79 RPM (courtesy Kværner)
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General arrangement for Pelton-Francis-Kaplan-Kaplan Bulb
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- Fig. 12 Concrete spiral casing and stay ring with anchoring bars.
Fig.9 Solbergfoss Kaplan turbine P=100 MW H=20 m n=79 RPM (courtesy Kværner)
Fig. 10 The Kaplan turbine for Solbergfoss Norway The thrust bearing is also in some cases located in the turbine pit below the generator, where the weight of the rotating parts is transferred via the turbine head cover to the stay ring. The alternative will be to locate the bearing on top of the generator and transfer the forces by cross beams through the generator support. A picture of the anchoring the stay ring of a Kaplan turbine is shown in fig. 12 for illustration of a concrete spiral casing where all hydraulic forces are transferred to the concrete. Fig. 12 Concrete spiral casing and stay ring with anchoring bars. The Kaplan Bulb turbines are the horizontal version of the Kaplan turbines. The design of these turbines is characterised by having both essential turbine parts and the generator inside a bulb, which have given the name of this turbine type. Further a horizontal shaft is characteristic for a Bulb turbine as well as a conical arrangement of the guide vanes and the straight horizontal draft tube. By locating the generator in the bulb upstream of the turbine this part is forms the inlet conduit together with the outer steel liming of the concrete. The upstream bulb including the generator is normally delivered by the generator manufacturer. In fig.13 the design of a complete Kaplan Bulb unit is shown including generator, draft tube and inlet gate. The name of the power plant is Bingsfoss, which is located in Norway. The turbines are delivered by KVÆRNER. Fig.13 The Kaplan Bulb turbine for Bingsfoss Power Plant For this plant there are no draft tube gate. Instead there is a stop log system for dewatering of the turbine if a main repair should be made. The reason for this is the individual servomotor system of the guide vanes with a back up pressure system. A speciality used in this case is that it is possible to open each one of the guide vanes individually by means of the individually controlled servomotors (one for each guide vanes). With this system it is possible to flush out pieces of wood or other objects which might be jammed in between the guide vanes without any disturbance of the power production. The generator brakes are also dimensioned for stopping the aggregates with two fully opened guide vanes. The data for the turbines for Bingfoss power plant are P=10.8MW, H=5.0m and n=71.4RPM. The runner diameter is 6.05m. The main parts in a Kaplan Bulb turbine downstream of the generator, shown in fig.14, includes the stress carrying parts transferring the axial- and radial forces from the downstream conical parts of the bulb (5) to the outer conical plate structure (6) through the struts (7) including the access to the turbine pit inside the bulb. |
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