Present Simple Tense (Russian Present Simple Tense) is used more often than any other tense in English. Therefore, in order to speak English well, you need to learn how to use this tense correctly

Present Simple Tense (Russian Present Simple Tense) is used more often than any other tense in English. Therefore, in order to speak English well, you need to learn how to use this tense correctly.
How can the past and future be, when the past no longer is, and the future is not yet? As for the present, if it were always present and never moved on to become the past, it would not be time, but eternity.
How can there be a past and a future when the past is no more and the future is not yet? What about the real one? If it always existed, it would never become the past, which means that it would not be time, but eternity.
The very name Present Simple or simple present already speaks for itself. And at first, many may mistakenly take it for a complete analogue of the present tense in Russian.
Yes, indeed, Present Simple Tense (or Present Indefinite Tense) has a lot in common with it: we use this time to describe simple, regular actions, habits, preferences. However, there are other special uses of the Present Simple tense in English, which you will learn about by reading this article.
So, let's take a look at what this Present Indefinite tense is, how to form negation and questions in Present Simple , and how to use it correctly.
"Everything ingenious is simple." This is how I would like to describe the times of the Simple group, because “simple” is translated into Russian as “simple”, and the times themselves denote simple everyday actions.
To begin with, let's see why the well-known Present Simple Tense (Russian Present Simple Tense) is very often also called Present Indefinite (Russian Present Indefinite Tense), and is there a difference between them.
The Present Simple very often describes an action where the time is not specified. In the examples I work in LA (Russian I work in Los Angeles) or I live in NY (Russian I live in New York), the verb expresses the action in general; time, as such, is not specified.
That is why Present Simple is also called Present Indefinite , because “indefinite” translates as “indefinite”. And such a name in some cases better conveys the meaning of this time.
Interesting:
Althoughpresent simplecalled present (Russian present), it does not always describe an action that is happening now, at the present time. For an action taking place at the moment of speaking, usePresent continuous tense(Russian. Real long-term action).
So, as we can see, Present Simple and Present Indefinite are just different names for the same tense. By the way, two terms are also used in Russian when translating: the present simple and the present indefinite.
In linguistics and in teaching English, you may see both names, although the frequency of use of the names may vary depending on the region and the preferences of publishers that print English learners' textbooks.
Present Simple: reference table
Reference table: Rules for the formation of an affirmative form, negation and questions in Present Simple and its use in English
As you can see from the table, the verbs in the Present Simple affirmative form coincide with the infinitive form without the to particle in all persons. except for the 3rd person singular adding the ending -s/-es .
Auxiliary verbs do / doeses can be found in questions and denials, and then not always. For example, the verb be (Russian to be) and the modal verbs can (Russian to be able), must (Russian to be due), need (Russian to need) form a negative and interrogative form in Present Simple without the help of an auxiliary verb.
In order to leave absolutely no questions, let's look at how the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms are formed in more detail and analyze everything with examples.
Education rules Present Simple: affirmative sentences
The Present Simple is called simple because auxiliary verbs are not used to form its affirmative form. Below are the rules and reference tables of Present Simple for the formation of affirmative, negative and interrogative forms in English.
Formation of the affirmative form Present Simple
The reference table for the formation of the affirmative form in Present Simple and the spelling rules for endings - (e) s for the 3rd person singular
The affirmative form of Present Simple is one of the few that does not require any auxiliary verb to form, but endings are used, and then only in the 3rd person singular.
Remember!
To form an affirmative sentence in Present Simple, use the first form of the verb (infinitive) without the to particle after the subject (the subject performing the action). If the subject is in the 3rd person singular. numbers, the ending -(e)s is added to the verb
For example:
I work in a hotel (Russian I work in a hotel): I - subject, work - verb
We dance every Sunday (Russian We dance every Sunday): We - subject, dance - verb
My son plays in a band (Russian My son plays in a band): My son is the subject, plays is the verb
If the action is done by I (Russian I), you (Russian you, you), we (Russian we), they (Russian they), plural noun ( boys - boys, dogs - dogs, friends - friends) , then the verb does not change.
However, if the action is performed by he (Russian he), she (Russian she), it (Russian it, this, singular for inanimate objects), a singular noun ( a girl is a girl, a cat is a cat, cat, a friend is a friend), then the ending -s is added to the verbs, sometimes -es.
Examples of affirmative sentences in Present Simple with translation:

Examples	Translation into Russian	Examples	Translation into Russian
I live in London	I live in London	He lives in London	He lives in London
You read books	Do you read books	She reads books	She reads books
We work in New York	We work in New York	My friend works in New York	My friend works in New York
They look nice	They look cute	It looks nice	It looks cute
My friends meet on Sundays	My friends meet on Sundays	He meets her after work	He meets her after work

Spelling rules for endings -s, -es in Present Simple.
Let's look at when verbs in the Present Simple take the ending -s , and when -es , and when they do not follow the rules, that is, they are exceptions.
1. The ending -s is added to most verbs in the Present Indefinite tense in the 3rd person singular :
play-plays (Russian plays)
sit-sits (Russian sits)
clean-cleans (Russian cleans)
2. Verbs that end in -s, -sh, -ch, tch, -x, -z add the ending -es . This is due to the history of the language and the convenience of pronunciation: when two similar sounds are nearby, it is difficult for us to pronounce them without a vowel-link:
kiss-kisses (Russian kisses)
wish-wishes (Russian wishes)
march-marches (Russian marches)
watch-watches (Russian watches)
box-boxes (Russian boxing)
buzz-buzzes (Russian buzzes)
3. Verbs ending in -o also add -es . Fortunately, there are few such verbs:
do-does (Russian does)
go-goes (Russian goes)

4. If the verb ends in a consonant and -y , the ending -es is used . In this case -y is changed to -i :

cry-cries (Russian cries, screams)
study-studies (Russian studies)
try-tries (Russian tries)

5. If the verb ends in a vowel and -y , the ending -s is simply added . There is no change to -y:

play-plays (Russian plays)
pray-prays (Russian prays)
say-says (Russian speaks)

6. The verb have in Present Simple does not add -s or -es endings. For the 3rd person singular, the has form is used . Compare:

I have a cat (rus. I have a cat, literally - I have a dog)
He has a dog (Rus. He has a dog, literally - He has a dog)
7. The verb be in the Present Simple tense has my forms: am, is, are , which you can read about later in this article.

8. Modal verbs can, may, must also belong to a special category . They do not add any endings to the Present Simple . But we will talk about them in our next articles.

Negative and interrogative sentences in Present Simple
Present Simple: Examples of Negative Sentences

Reference table for the formation of the full and abbreviated negative form in Present Simple.

To say that we are NOT doing something, the auxiliary verb do (for 1st and 2nd person, 3rd person plural) or does (for he, she, it and for all singular nouns) is used in negative sentences.
Remember!
To form negative sentences in Present Simple , a negative particle not is added to the auxiliary verb do / does, which stands between the subject and the main verb-predicate in the form of an infinitive .
For example:
I don't watch (Russian I don't watch)
They don't study (Russian They don't study)
He doesn't paint (Russian He doesn't paint)
The boy doesn't box (Rus. The boy doesn't box)
In the last two examples, He doesn't paint (Russian He doesn't draw) and The boy doesn't box (Russian Boy doesn't box), as you noticed, the main verbs paint and box are used without the ending -(e)s , which used to form an affirmative form in Present Simple, compare: He paints (Russian He draws), He boxes (Russian He boxes)
Important!
When using the auxiliary verb does to form a negation in Present Simple (3rd person singular), the main verb loses the ending - (e) s :doesn't go, doesn't watch, doesn't play
This is due to the fact that the auxiliary verb does already has the ending -es , and you do not need to use it in the main verb. Below are 10 more examples of negative Present Simple sentences.
1. Present Simple is used to denote a state, regular, repetitive actions, habits, daily routine.
In this meaning of Present Simple with a verb, adverbs of frequency (adverbs of frequency) are often used, designed to answer how often the action occurs:
100 % always
85 % usually
60 % often
50% sometimes (Russian sometimes)
10% hardly ever
0 % never