Rise and Fall of an Information Technology Outsourcing Program: a qualitative Analysis of a Troubled Corporate Initiative
ComTech Crashes and Burns against the Icarus Habitus and Moral Careers
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Rise and Fall of an Information Technology Outsourcing Program A
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- Brenda’s backstage resistance campaign.
ComTech Crashes and Burns against the Icarus Habitus and Moral Careers
The general acknowledgement of Supply Chain software development as a differentiating capability for digital retailing, in addition to Richard’s taxonomic demotion and the evaporation of the capacity problem substantially increased many IT executives’ and employees’ resistance to the Strategic Staffing Program (SSP). But in pugilistic parlance, SSP was “down but not out.” As Richard and Donald (with the support of my team) got closer to awarding the contract to ComTech, some executives privately predicted SSPs failure, and Brenda attempted to torpedo SSP through multiple back stage escalations with Richard, Shelly (my boss), and Jack. Jackall (2010) suggested that managers in today’s bureaucratic organizations develop their personal ethics, decision-making preferences, and their sense of how the world works based upon the “organizational rules in use” by their superiors. Brenda’s thinly veiled frustrations with Richard following the IT department revision set the stage for conflicts between their respective 179 employees, who generally based their resistance or support for SSP upon which of these executives they worked for. Brenda’s backstage resistance campaign. Some executives voiced their doubts about SSP’s viability based upon their sense of a lack of executive alignment on which function they should have outsourced: “The inception was half-baked to begin with, because we really couldn’t define what is it that we wanted to give away” (Executive, personal communication, June 21, 2013). Others were more direct: “I think if you were to get honest opinions from everybody in terms of whether they think it’ll be successful, I think there’s a fair amount of us that don’t believe it’ll be successful” (Executive, personal communication, August 3, 2013). For her part, rather than engaging in visible or public debates, Brenda organized meetings on a few different occasions among Jack, Richard, Shelly, and herself to attempt to steer SSP’s focus away from pursuing a managed services agreement for all Supply Chain development: That was a question that my team, my set of directors, many of my directors have challenged me on, and in turn, then I have taken to [Jack] and [Richard] and challenged them on is, “Is this still the right place for us to pilot SSP?” Remembering that the purpose of the pilot was to understand how [Icarus] and how IT in particular would operate in a full SSP model, and get it grooved in, and get it figured out, and get it to a spot where we could then extend it into other places. Did we truly want to pilot SSP in what is arguably becoming now one of the most strategic business capabilities for the next few years for [Icarus]? On four different occasions I have raised a concern to [Jack], and [Jack] has responded by bringing [Richard] and [Shelly] and me into a room and having the conversation. [Richard] and [Shelly] are not as concerned about it. They feel that we are 180 well down the path and shouldn’t—this is my assessment, they can speak for themselves—but they feel that we are way down the path, and that we have opportunity and time to work it through. I have suggested the first couple of times in those meetings that rather than thinking about this as a [managed services outsourcing] conversation...my suggestion was let’s pivot our thinking. Let’s hire us a build-to-run partner. Let’s go out into the market talking about hiring a partner to help us build this new platform, much like we hired [a different IT vendor] to help us build [an international expansion project] but having an overt opportunity to turn that into a full SSP. (Brenda, personal communication, August 29, 2013) As discussed in the previous section, Brenda advocated for a different (build to run) type of agreement for SSP given Supply Chain’s emergence as a strategic differentiator. The engineers in Brenda’s example had greater incentive to share their knowledge with the vendor—and even learn from the contractor engineers—versus the scenario that played out with SSP and ComTech. Brenda also revealed her different expectations for SSP as a pilot versus a definite managed services agreement. Running SSP as a pilot would have implied executives’ ability and willingness to start with a perhaps smaller approach than outsourcing all Supply Chain software development. A pilot mentality would have also suggested reversing course or shutting SSP down after an early implementation as acceptable options. In hindsight, either or both of Brenda’s suggestions were likely to have led to better outcomes for Icarus. The “build to run” approach may have helped Icarus accelerate it’s—by that time—strategic and “differentiating” Supply Chain strategies. Furthermore, a pilot approach from the onset may have given Richard and SSP’s supporters a politically “safe” way to end SSP versus reinforcing their commitment to the doomed project. 181 Brenda’s backstage (Goffman, 1959) resistance yielded merely semantic debates over SSP’s status as a pilot and Supply Chain as a strategic capability versus any change of direction to SSP. With Jack still supporting Richard and SSP, Brenda, and therefore her entire team, lacked the social capital to block SSP from proceeding. As a consequence, Brenda’s attempts to change SSP’s course failed. In retrospect, Brenda appeared to have justifiable concerns over SSP within the broader context of the digital retailing field and Icarus’s corporate strategies at the time. However, Brenda’s resistance to SSP and her conflicts with Richard were frowned upon by some of her peers. These executives viewed the backstage conversations as being in poor form and in violation of an expected degree of loyalty among the CIO Staff Meeting cohort: There’s a lot of back channel opinions about it [SSP], yeah. I don’t know if [it is] fairly typical. It happens on occasion, right, and I always try to say, “Look, its two toots and salute.” You wait; you put all your opinions on the table in the [CIO Staff Meeting] forum. We made a decision to go forward. For you to be commiserating with your directors who don’t agree with [Richard] is unfair. Your first team is the CIO team table and we made a decision together. You damn well better stick with it. (Executive, personal communication, September 10, 2013) This executive highlights the symptoms of an organization that is dealing with the Abilene Paradox (Harvey, 1988). Executive’s disagreements over SSP at this point were not being addressed in the CIO Staff Meeting. Rather, Brenda, Cynthia, and other opponents of the strategy at this point were privately commiserating with each other over their view of Richard’s and Jack’s wrongheadedness toward SSP given the anomalies that had surfaced in 2013. Nevertheless, between Jack’s continued support for Richard and SSP and her peers’ disapproval 182 of the backstage resistance, Brenda lacked any real leverage or means to influence or redirect SSP. Cynthia shared the same frustrations as Brenda. Here she described the “Abilene-type” of backstage commiserating that was rampant at the time, which prompted Brenda’s repeated backstage escalations to Jack: I’ve raised it as a concern. I think what’s interesting on this, there’s a lot of people on a lot of levels in the organization that seem to be wanting to have [some] kind of side or hallway conversations about it, and I’m not sure . . . I’m not sure as many of those folks are raising the same kind of questions and concerns up through their leaders and in public forums. This is starting to take on a little bit of an aura as, “Don’t touch it.” I can tell you personally, when I very publicly challenged it several months ago and pushed on it, I had a great, engaging conversation with my boss [Brenda] about it, [and I] asked [Brenda] to help me push it, and raise some concerns that I shared earlier. [Brenda] took it to [Jack], and came back to me and said, “Let it go. It’s just something we’re just going to do, and we’re just going to have to figure out how to make it work.” I would imagine there is a little bit of that going on. I anticipate that people feel like they’ve already made a commitment to this and to the results. I think that’s unfortunate. (Cynthia, personal communication, March 3, 2013) The friction between executives reached its peak. Despite Brenda’s council to Cynthia to “let it go” following the failed escalations to Jack, Cynthia continued to challenge Jack, Richard, and Donald by maintaining a quasi-campaign of backstage resistance: What I will share is of my circle, the people that I interact most frequently with, which is my peers in [the Business Strategy Team], as well as [other executives]. I don’t think that 183 anybody believes that continuing [SSP] is or was the right decision. I know that there’s been discussion at the [CIO Staff Meeting] about it. I’m not part of those discussions. It’s become comical the way this thing’s spun out of control. Like I said, there’s a pretty long list of things, that expectations are not very well aligned. That’s where, to my earlier point, I think we’re starting to see a little bit of divisiveness within our own team. I’ve had business partners openly question whether or not IT actually has the skills or not to lead through this transition. Not even to execute it once we’re done, but to lead through the transition. (Cynthia, personal communication, August 10, 2013) The backstage friction between executives created a contentious environment by the middle of 2013. This was a critical time for SSP, as Richard had signed the agreement with ComTech, who had begun to onboard their team. Within a couple months of the contract signing, ComTech had nearly two hundred employees working at Icarus. Richard had removed Donald by this time (perhaps as a token response to the mounting resistance to SSP). William joined the IT department to lead SSP and the transition of work to ComTech. However, the battle would spill over from the backstage to the front stage as the followers in Richard’s and Brenda’s teams had numerous confrontations over SSP and ComTech. Download 1.05 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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