S. T. Sanayev, E. I. Xamdamova, B. S. Mamatov


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2. Мевачилик фанидан курс лойихаси таркатма


S.T.SANAYEV, E.I.XAMDAMOVA, B.S.MAMATOV


MEVACHILIK FANIDAN KURS LOYIHASINI BAJARISH

BO’YICHA USLUBIY KO’RSATMA

“Mevachilik” fani bo’yicha tuzilgan kurs loyhasi o’quv va ishchi o’quv dasturi bo’yicha tuzilgan bo’lib, talabalar nazariy bilim va amaliy ko’nikmalarga tayangan xolda ushbu uslubiy ko’rsatmani to’ldiradi.



Tuzuvchilar:

S.T.Sanayev-SamVMI Iqtisodiyot va agrotexnologiya fakulteti Dehqonchilik, meva-sabzavotchilik va uzumchilik kafedrasi mudiri, q.x.f.d., dotsent.

E.I.Xamdamova-SamVMI Iqtisodiyot va agrotexnologiya fakulteti Dehqonchilik, meva-sabzavotchilik va uzumchilik kafedrasi dotsenti, q.x.f.n.

B.S.Mamatov-SamVMI Iqtisodiyot va agrotexnologiya fakulteti Dehqonchilik, meva-sabzavotchilik va uzumchilik kafedrasi assistenti.

Taqrizchilar:

N.X.Xalilov-SamVMI O’simlikshunoslik va yem-xashak yetishtirish kafedrasi mudiri, professor, q.x.f.d.

O’.Mirzaxidov –Akademik M.Mirzayev nomli Bog’dorchilik, uzumchilik va vinochilik ilmiy-tadqiqot instituti Samarqand ilmiy tajriba stansiyasi katta ilmiy xodimi, q.x.f.n.

Kurs loyhasi “Dehqonchilik, meva-sabzavotchilik va uzumchilik” kafedrasining 2020 yil ___ ______№__sonli, fakultet uslubiy Kengashining 2020 yil ___ ______№__sonli, Iqtisodiyot va agrotexnologiya fakulteti ilmiy Kengashi tomonidan 2020 yil ___ ______№__sonli, Instituti markaziy attestasiya va uslubiy Kengashning 2020 yil ___ ______№__sonli yig’ilishida va Samarqand veterinariya medisinasi instituti ilmiy–olimlar Kengashining 2020 yil ___ ______№__sonli yig’ilishida muhokoma qilinib chop etishga ruxsat berilgan.


O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI

OLIY VA O’RTA MAXSUS TALIM VAZIRLIGI
SAMARQAND VETERINARIYA MEDITSINASI INSTITUTI
IQTISODIYOT VA AGROTEXNOLOGIYA FAKULTETI
DEHQONCHILIK, MEVA-SABZAVOTCHILIK VA UZUMCHILIK KAFEDRASI
MEVACHILIK FANIDAN KURS LOYIHASINI BAJARISH

BO’YICHA USLUBIY KO’RSATMA
MAVZU:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

BAJARUVCHI: “Meva-sabzavotchilik va uzumchilik” ta’lim yo’nalishi 3-bosqich ____-guruh talabasi__________________________________________
QABUL QILUVCHI: __________________________________________

SAMARQAND-2020

Fermer xo’jaligi manzili:____________________________________ viloyat ________________________tuman___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Talabaning manzili: ______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Bajarilgan vaqti___ _________ 20__y. Himoya vaqti___ _________ 20__y.

Bajaruvchini imzosi___________________
O’qituvchini xulosasi:____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



Yozib tayyorlagani va rasmiylashtirilgani uchun(40) ____

Himoyada talabaning ma’ruzasi uchun(30) ____________

Himoya vaqtida savollarga javobi uchun(30) ____________

O’qituvchining bahosi:________________Imzosi______________________

MEVACHILIK FANIDAN KURS LOYIHASI

REJASI
1.KIRISH……………………………………………………………………...…..

2.FERMER XO’JALIGI TO’G’RISIDAGI UMUMIY MA’LUMOTLAR.....

3.ASOSIY QISM: (meva va rezavor meva ekinlari sistematikasi, morfologiyasi, biologiyasi, navlarni yetishtirish texnologiyasi)……………………....

4.__________________________________________yetishtirish va hosilni yig’ish bo’yicha texnologik xarita tuzish…………………………………………...….

5.Meva va rezavor meva etishtirishning iqtisodiy samaradorligi......................

6.Meva va rezavor meva yetishtirishda kimyoviy moddalardan foydalanishning hayot faoliyatida xavfsizlik chora tadbirlari......................................

7.Xulosalar va ishlab chiqarishga tavsiyalar…………………………………...

8.Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro’yhati………………………………………...…

9.Ilova……………………………………………………………………………...

KIRISH

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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2-jadval

Meva va rezavor meva ekinlarinig biologik, xo’jalik va botanik belgilariga qarab guruhlanishi




Botanik ishlab chiqarish guruhi

Ekin turi


Lo­tincha nomi

Hosil berish muddati

Yashash davri

1.

Urug’li mevalar

1. Olma

2. Nok

3. Behi










2.

Danakli mevalar

1. O’rik

2. Shaf­toli

3. Qaroli

4. Olxo’ri

5. Gi­los

6. Olcha

7. Jiyda










3.

Yong’oq mevalar

1. Yong’oq

2. Bo­dom

3. Pista










4.

Subtropik va sit­rus mevalar

1. Apelsin

2. Limon

3. Anor

4. Anjir

5. Tut

6. Xurmo

7. Chilon jiyda










5.

Rezavor mevalar

1. Qulupnay

2. Malina

3. Kri­jovnik

4. Smo­rodina










6.

Rezavor mevali ekinlar

1.Qulupnay

2.Malina


3.Kirjovnak

4.Smorodina












7.

Har xil tropik mevali ekinlar

1.Banan

2.Kivi


3.Ananas

4.Mango


5.Qovun daraxti

6.Non daraxti



7.Xurmo palmasi












2. FERMER XO’JALIGI TO’G’RISIDAGI UMUMIY

MA’LUMOTLAR

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2-jadval

FERMER XO’JALIGI JOYLASHGAN XO’JALIKNING AYRIM ASOSIY KO’RSATKICHLARI

Xo’jalikning yo’nalishi__________________________________________________

Umumiy maydoni, ga____________________________________________________

Shu jumladan haydaladigan, ga___________________________________________

lalmi________________________________________________________

Himoyalangan yer maydoni, ga___________________________________________

Ko’p yillik ekinlar yaylov, ga_____________________________________________

Boshqa yerlar__________________________________________________________

Chorvachilik___________________________________________________________

Qoramollar soni (bosh)_ _________________________________________________

Shu jumladan sigirlar___________________________________________________

Parrandalar soni_______________________________________________________

Baliqchilik_____________________________________________________________

Asalarichilik___________________________________________________________

Quyonchilik___________________________________________________________

Echkichilik____________________________________________________________

Yalpi mahsulot hajmi___________________________________________________

O’tgan yillardagi foyda yoki kamomad (sut) ________________________________

Shu jumladan o’simlikshunoslikdan_______________________________________

Chorvachilikdan _______________________________________________________

Boshqa sohalardan______________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3-jadval

Fermer xo’jaligi joylashgan xo’jalikda ekin mydonlari va uning tarkibi

Ekin turlari

Maydoni

gektar

salmog’i, %

Jami ekin maydonlari




100

Shu jumladan: sug’oriladigan maydon, ga

lalmi maydon, ga













Mevali bog’lar







Tokzor







Sabzavot ekinlari







Kartoshka







Pomidor







Poliz







Himoyalangan yer (isitilgan yer, parnik va issiqxonalar) maydoni







Tomorqa yer maydoni







Tutzor







Qo’riq-bo’z yerlar







Pichanzorlar







Yaylovlar







Yo’llar, kanallar, zovurlar







Boshqa ekinlar:







A)







B)







V)







G)







D)







E)







______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4-jadval

O‘suv davridagi ob – havo sharoitlari va ko‘p yillik ko‘rsatkichlari

Oy

O‘n kunlik

Harorat, 0C

Yog‘ingarchilik, mm

Quyosh yorug‘ligining davomiyligi

Yanvar













Fevral













Mart













Aprel













May













Iyun













Iyul













Avgust













Sentyabr













Oktyabr













Noyabr













Dekabr













Vegetasiya davrida










Ilova: Ma’lumotlarni yaqin orada joylashgan meteostansiyadan yoki meteorologiya punktidan olish mumkin.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5-jadval

Fermer xo’jaligi tuproqlarining agrokimyoviy ko’rsatkichlari



Tuproq qatlamlari, sm

Gumus %

Yalpi, %

Harakatchan, mg/kg

pH

Quruq qoldiq, %

Umumiy ishqoriylik, %

N

P

K

N-NH4

N-NO3

P2O5

K2O

1.

0-30


































2.

30-60



































6-jadval

Fermer xo’jaliklari yer maydonlarini yo’qlama qilish jadvali

Yerdan foydalanuvchilar nomi

Jami maydon (bog’lanib olingan)

Shundan

Haydaladi-gan yerlar

sabzavot ekinlari

kartoshka

pomidor

poliz

ko’p yillik o’tlar

mevali bog’ar

tokzor

tutzor

meliorativ holati og’ir yerlar

o’rmonlar

kanallar, kollektorlar, zovurlar

yo’llar

qurilish, saroy va maydonlar

himoyalangan yer maydonlari

sug’oriladi-gan

Lalmi

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15




16

17














































































































7-jadval

Fermer xo’jalikda almashlab ekish tizimi to’g’risida ma’lumotlar

Dala

Ekinlarni navbatlanishi

Maydon, ga.

Haqiqiy hosildorlik, s/ga

Rejalashtirilgan o’rtacha hosil, s./ga

20__

20__

20__

1.

Beda (1-yillik)
















2.

Beda (2-yillik)
















3.

Beda (3-yillik)
















4.

Kartoshka
















5.

Ertagi karam
















6.

Poliz ekinlari
















7.

Pomidor
















8.

Piyoz


















8-jadval

Fermer xo’jalikda asosiy ekinlarning hosildorligi



Ekin turlari

Yillar (oxirgi ikki yoki uch yil)

20__

20__

20__

O’rtacha

1

Olma













2

O’rik













3

Shaftoli













4

Gilos













5

Behi













6

Uzum













7

Sabzavot ekinlari













8

Poliz ekinlari













9-jadval

Fermer xo’jalikda asosiy mahsulotlar rejasining bajarilishi (oxirgi uch yil)



Mahsulot

20__

20__

20__

reja

haqiqat

%

reja

haqiqat

%

reja

haqiqat

%

1

Olma




























2

O’rik




























3

Shaftoli




























4

Gilos




























5

Behi




























6

Uzum




























7

Sabzavot ekinlari




























8

Poliz ekinlari






























10-jadval

Sabzavot ekinlarini zararkunandalari va zarar keltiruvchi fazalari



Zararli hasharotlar turlari

Zarar keltirish xolati (kemiruvchi yoki so’ruvchi)

Zarar keltiruvchi fazasi

Qishlovchi fazasi

1













2













3













4













5













6













7













8













11 - jadval

Xo’jalikning texnikaviy jihozlanganligi




Mashina yoki qurollar

Markalar

Umumiy soni

Shu jumladan ishga yaroqlisi

1

Kombayinlar










2

G’ildirakli traktorlar










3

Zanjirli tarktorlar










4

Pulug










5

Chezellar










6

Baronalar










7

Kultivatorlar










8

Telechkalar










9

Oziqlantirgich kultivatorlar










10

4 qatorli osma kultiva­tor-okuchnik










11

Chopiq frezasi










12

Piyoz seyalkasi










13

Poliz seyalkasi










14

Ko’chat o’tqazadigan 6 qatorli osma mashina










15

Kartoshka ekadigan mashina










16

G’alvirsimon piyoz kovlagich










17

Osma kovlagich skoba










18

Har xil tezlikda yuradigan yarim osma ele­vatorli 2 qatorli kartoshka kovlagich










19

Aktiv lemexli elevatorli kartoshka yig’ishtirish kombayni










20

Zararkunanda va kasalliklarga qarshi kurashish uchun apparatlar (OVX)










____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ASOSIY QISM

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12-jadval

Meva ekinlari ko’chatiga bo’lgan talabni hisoblash



Ekin turi va navi

Maydon, ga

Ekish sxemasi, m

Ekiladigan joylar soni­

Rezerv 5%

Jami talab etiladigan ko’chatlar soni

Bir ko’chat narxi, so’m

Jami ko’chat bahosi, so’m

1.

Olma:

shundan:

Yozgi navlar: Kuzgi navlar: Qishki navlar:

30
5

10

15



8x6
8x6

8x7

8x8

625

32

657

150

98150

2.

Nok

1

7x6
















3.

Behi

4

5x5
















4.

O’rik

5

10x8
















5.

Yong’oq

10

12x10
















Jami:

50




















13-jadval

Meva ekinlarini sug’orish samaradorligi

Sug’orish usuli

Sug’orish me’yori, ga/m3

Mavsumiy sug’orish me’yori, ga/m3

1 t mahsulot uchun sarflangan suv miqdori, m3

Pol olib sug’orish










Hovuzcha shaklida sug’orish










Bostirib sug’orish










Jo’yaklab sug’orish










Tuproq os­tidan sug’orish










Tomchila­tib sug’orish











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14-jadval

Mevali bog’larni o’g’itlash me’yori va muddatlari




Daraxtlarning yoshi

Go’ng, t

O’g’itlarni foydalanish usullari

jami

asosiy o’g’itlash

bahorgi o’g’itlash

N

P2O5

K2O

N

P2O5

K2O

N

P2O5

K2O

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1

Yangi bog’lar































2

Hosilga kirgan bog’lar































3

Keksa bog’lar































4

Intensiv bog’lar































5

Yosh tokzor































6

Hosilga kirgan tokzor































Fermer xo’jalik bo’yicha

































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15-jadval

Mevali ekinlar hosilini chamalash




Ekin turi

Ekish usuli

Bir gektardagi tup soni

Shundan hosilli tuplar

Daraxt hosili

Chamalangan hosil, s

1 tup

2 tup

3 tup

4 tup

5 tup

o’rtacha























































































































































































16-jadval

Hosildor mevali daraxt joylashgan manzil holati va ta’rifi

_______________ ________________ _________________ __________________

(xo’jalik) (tuman) (viloyat) (daraxt turi, avlodi)
____________________ ______________________ ________________________

(ekilgan yili yoshi) (ekish sxemasi) (qatorlar, daraxtlar soni)
__________________________________ _________________________________

(yozish muddati) (talaba familiyasi va ismi)

Ekin turi va navi

Daraxt

Bosh

tana

Mar­ka­ziy tana uzun­ligi

1-tar­tib ske­let shox­lar soni

1-tar­tib ske­let shox­dagi 2- tar­tib shox­lar soni

3-tar­tib ske­let shox­ning uzun­ligi va un­dagi hosil

Eng ko’p uch­ray­- di­gan hosil shox­cha­lar

Yil­lik o’simlikning o’rtacha uzun­ligi

balandligi

shox-shabba diametri

shox-shabba shakli

balandligi

yo’g’onligi

















































































































































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