Samarqand davlat chet tillar instituti ingliz filologiyasi va tarjimashunoslik fakulteti ingliz filologiyasi kafedrasi rasulova mohinur samad qizi

CHAPTER III STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF “HAMLET” AND “MOBY DICK”
3.1. Analysis of literary devices in “Hamlet”
Literary Devices help create special effects in a work of literature which is clarifying or emphasising on certain concepts of the writer. It resonates with the narrative itself and it also allows the reader to notice the theme most certainly. Shakespeare as a great master of it profusely employs literary devices across his works. In the play Hamlet, the text’s timeless richness is also because of the nature of literary devices used in it. Shakespeare is particularly genius at using them in such a way that more than one literary device work at a time.
William Shakespeare used many different literary devices in Hamlet:

• 
  Repetition
  
• 
  Metaphor
  
• 
  Simile
  
• 
  Anadiplosis
  
• 
  Anaphora
  
• 
  Alliteration
  
• 
  Allusion
  
• 
  Irony
  
• 
  Pun
  
• 
  Imagery
  

Repetition
In written works, repetition is defined as the repeating of words for emphasis. An example of repetition in Hamlet is found in the following lines, both said by the character Hamlet:
Hamlet: I humbly thank you; well, well, well.
Hamlet: Words, words, words.
These two quotes use a repetition of a single word three times for emphasis.
Metaphor
Another literary device, the metaphor, or a comparison between two things (that does not use 'like' or 'as'), is also found in the play. In Act III Scene I, Hamlet says:
Hamlet: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them?
In this quote, Hamlet compares his troubles to a sea. This tells us that Hamlet sees his troubles as vast, large, and seemingly endless, much like a sea. Another example is found as well:
Hamlet: who would fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death,
The undiscover'd country from whose bourn
No traveller returns
In this metaphor, Hamlet compares death to an undiscovered country. This comparison tells us that Hamlet sees death as something unknown or foreign.
Simile
Similes, comparisons using the words 'like' or 'as,' can also be found in Hamlet:
Hamlet: A little month, or ere those shoes were old
With which she follow'd my poor father's body,
Like Niobe, all tears
This quote compares Queen Gertrude to Niobe, a character from Greek mythology. The gods killed Niobe's children and she wept bitterly, unlike Queen Gertrude who did not seem to show much emotion for the death of her husband, Hamlet's father [24, 55].
Hamlet is not the only character to speak using similes. At one point, Claudius uses one, saying:
Claudius: His beard was as white as snow
In this quote, Claudius is talking to himself about Hamlet's father, who he murdered. He compares the beard of Hamlet's father to snow because of its white color. Even Gertrude uses them:
Gertrude: These words, like daggers, enter in mine ears
Hamlet's cruel words to his mother are more than she can bear. Gertrude compares the words to daggers because they hurt her feelings like daggers might hurt her body.