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ZnO 2
Conclusions
In this work, the following results were obtained : 1. Nano powder zinc oxide with less than 50 nm average grain size was synthesized by a sol-gel method and the powder shapes were almost uniform. 2.The XRD analysis demonstrates that the nanoparticles have the hexagonal wurtzite structure and an average particle size of 20 nm have been achieved. 3. Homogeneous and uniform distribution of nanoparticles was obtained with average particle size of 22 nm that agree with approximately XRD results. 4.the powder zinc oxide in nano scale without impurities offers moderately good quality factors of the varistor like high breakdown voltage (V=450V) and non-linear coefficient (α=30) and low Leakage current(I L =100uA) that increases with the increase in temperature. The great merit of this method (sol-gel) remains required, undoubtedly, because of its velocity and the obtaining of pure ZnO varistors with nano sized grains. References [1] R. Zhang, L.L. Kerr, J. Solid State Chem. 180 (2007) 988. [2] C.X. Xu, X.W. Sun, B.J. Chen, P. Shum, S. Li, X. Hu, J. Appl. Phys. 95(2004) 661. [3] Han J. and Kim D. "Fabrication of dense ZnO-varistors by atmosphere sintering" J. uropean Ceramic. Soc. 18: 765-770 (1998). [4] Gao P. and Wang Z. "Nanoarchtecture of Semiconducting and Piezoelectric ZnO". J. Appl. phys. 97: 044304-044311 (2005). [5] C. Jagadish, S.J. Pearton, "Zinc Oxide Bulk, Thin Films and Nanostructure", Amsterdam, Elsevier,2006. [6] U. Abhulimen, Mater.Res.Soc.Symp.Proc.,1, 27.1 (2005). [7] S. Jurablu, M. Farahmandjou, and T. P. Firoozabadi. "Sol-Gel Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles :Study of Structural and Optical Properties". Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 26(3): 281 - 285 (2015). University of Tehran, ISSN 1016-1104 [8] P. M. Aneesh, K. A.Vanaja, M. K.Jayaraj." Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticle by hydrothermal method" Nanophotonic Materials IV, edited by Zeno Gaburro, Stefano Cabrini, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6639, 66390J, (2007). [9] Fernandes D., Silva R., Hechenleitner A., Radovanovic E.,Melo M. and Pineda E. "Synthesis and characterization of ZnO, CuO and a mixed Zn and Cu oxide". Mater.Chem. Phys. 115: 110–115 (2009). [10] Muthukumaran S. and Gopalakrishnan R."Structural, FTIR and photoluminescence studies of Cu doped ZnO Nanopowders by co- precipitation method", Opt. Mater. 34:1946–1953 (2012). [11] JCPDS Card No. 36-1451. [12] Hall, B.D., Zanchet, D. and Ugarte, Estimating Nanoparticle Size from Diffraction Measurements. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 33, 1335-1341. (2000) http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889800010888 [13] B. B. He, Introduction to two-dimensional X-ray diffraction, Powder Diffraction, Vol. 18, No 2, June 2003. [14] Bueno PR, Varela JA, Longo E. SnO2, ZnO and related polycrystalline compound semiconductors: An overview and review on the voltage- dependent resistance (Non-Ohmic) feature. J Eur Ceram Soc. 2008;28(3):505-29. [15] Hirose S, Yamamoto Y, Niimi H. Effect of local electrical properties on the electrostatic discharge withstand capability of multilayered chip ZnO varistors. J Appl Phys. 2008;04(1):013701. [16]S. Hamdelou , K. Guergouri L. Arab, "The effect of the starting powders particle size on the electrical properties of sintered Co doped ZnO varistors". Springer Link, October 2015, Volume 5, Issue 7, pp 817-825. Download 119.6 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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