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Phraseological fusions
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Phraseological units are usually classified into 3 big groups: phraseological Fusions, phraseological Unities and phraseological Collocations.
Phraseological fusions are non-motivated groups forming indivisible wholes both semantically and syntactically. Their meaning in Modern English does not depend on the meaning of the component elements. They seldom, if ever, have equivalents in the SL and TL and are usually rendered by Interpreting translation or by Paraphrasing, e.g. to paint the lily – пытаться улучшить или украсить что-л., нуждающееся в улучшении или украшении; заниматься бесплодным делом; тратить время или силы попусту. To show the white feather – струсить, проявить трусость.
The meaning of a Phraseological Fusion may naturally be rendered by different synonyms, e.g. to go the whole hog – делать что-л. основательно, проводить до конца, не останавливаться на полумерах, идти на все.
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Poly-functional Character of Stylistic Devices
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Many Stylistic Devices are poly-functional: one and the same device may fulfill a variety of functions and produce diverse effects. These functions are sometimes not identical and do not coincide in English and in Russian. The same Stylistic Devices in 2 languages reveal complete concurrence, partial concurrence and no concurrence at all.
Alliteration is a case in point. Alliteration is primarily a Euphonic Device and Euphonic Function is practically identical in both languages. Alliteration appears to be one of the fundamental features of Poetry. But Alliteration in Prose is more frequently used in English than in Russian and cannot always be preserved.
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