Subjunctive mood ways

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

	SUBJUNCTIVE FORM	NOTE	MEANING	EXAMPLE
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES	Past Subjunctive in subordinate clauses (after “if”)	Past Perfect (Conditional) is used for actions referring to the past “should+Infinitive” or “if… happen to” is used in the subordinate clause when we suggest that something is unlikely “If” can be dropped and the auxiliary put before the subject (inversion) in formal structures In formal English we can use the subordinate clause (after if) beginning with “were + Infinitive” (Simple for present situation, perfect for past situation)	Notion, contrary to the fact; unreal condition; hypothetical situation	If I were a sultan, I would have three wives. You could have been on time if you had caught the bus. He could play basketball, if he were taller. We wouldn't be lost if we had looked at the map. Should you change your mind, you know where to find me. Were you to have stopped and considered, you’d have seen the error of your ways.
	Would/could/might + Infinitive in main clauses	Would/could/might + Perfect Infinitive is used for actions referring to the past	Notion, contrary to the fact; unreal situation

Credits: icons designed by Freepik, Obesity by Ana Felix from the Noun Project Liar by Luis Prado from the Noun Project

Yawn by Lance Hancock from the Noun Project

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

OBJECT CLAUSES

	SUBJUNCTIVE FORM	NOTE	MEANING	EXAMPLE
OBJECT CLAUSES after reporting verbs “verb + that clause”	Present Subjunctive Should + Infinitive	Used after reporting verbs: announce  order ask  prefer command  propose demand  recommend desire  request determine  require indicate  suggest insist  urge	Demand, proposal, necessity etc.	She suggested he cook something for her. Jake recommended that Susan be hired immediately. The customer demanded that the company should give him a full refund.
OBJECT CLAUSES after the verb “wish”	Past Subjunctive	Past Perfect (Conditional) is used for actions referring to the past	Wish, regret; notion, contrary to the fact; hypothetical situation	I wish my nose wasn’t so big. I wish you were here. I wish they had been luckier.
OBJECT CLAUSES after the verb “wish”	Would + Infinitive		Wish, annoyance, regret, critical request	I wish you would shut up. I wish it would stop raining. I wish you wouldn’t drive so fast.

Credits: icons designed by Freepik, Obesity by Ana Felix from the Noun Project Liar by Luis Prado from the Noun Project
Yawn by Lance Hancock from the Noun Project

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

SUBJECT AND PREDICATIVE CLAUSES

––

	SUBJUNCTIVE FORM	NOTE	MEANING	EXAMPLE
PREDICATIVE CLAUSES after subjects which express the idea that something is important or desirable	Present Subjunctive Should + Infinitive	Used with the following nouns as subjects: aim  plan advice  proposal arrangement  requirement condition  suggestion decision  wish idea ^etc.	Demand, proposal, necessity etc.	My desire is that he should go there. Our advice is that the company invest in new equipment. Our condition is that he not leave school before eighteen
PREDICATIVE CLAUSES after “as if”	Past Subjunctive	Past Perfect (Conditional) is used for actions referring to the past	Notion, contrary to the fact: unreal situation	I feel as if I were living the same day again and again. No one seemed to notice her: it was as if she were a ghost.
SUBJECT CLAUSES of the type “It is/it was + adjective + that’’	Present Subjunctive Should + Infinitive	Used with the expressions: It is best (that) It is crucial (that) It is desirable (that) It is essential (that) It is important (that) It is recommended (that) It is vital (that) It is a good / bad idea (that)	Demand, proposal, necessity etc.	That he go there is important. = It is important that he go there. It is crucial that a car be waiting for the boss when the meeting is over.

Credits: icons designed by Freepik, Obesity by Ana Felix from the Noun Project Liar by Luis Prado from the Noun Project

Yawn by Lance Hancock from the Noun Project

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

ATTRIBUTIVE AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

	SUBJUNCTIVE FORM	NOTE	MEANING	EXAMPLE
ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSES after “It’s (high) time”	Past Subjunctive		Wish, necessity	It’s high time you went on a diet!
ATTRIBUTIVE APPOSITIVE CLAUSES after the nouns which express the idea that something is important or desirable	Present Subjunctive Should + Infinitive	Used with the nouns: Wish, suggestion, aim, idea, desire etc. Bookish style.	Demand, proposal, necessity etc.	Food is a necessity that we should embrace and enjoy but not abuse. Kate finally agreed to the Peters family suggestion that she make their home her permanent residence.
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES of comparison	Past Subjunctive	Past Perfect (Conditional) is used for actions referring to the past	Notion, contrary to the fact	He moves swiftly as if he were a dancer. He was constantly yawning as if he had not slept enough.

Credits: icons designed by Freepik, Obesity by Ana Felix from the Noun Project Liar by Luis Prado from the Noun Project
Yawn by Lance Hancock from the Noun Project

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

SIMPLE SENTENCES

	SUBJUNCTIVE FORM	NOTE	MEANING	EXAMPLE
SIMPLE SENTENCES with traditional expressions EMPHATIC SENTENCES starting with “If only…” SIMPLE SENTENCES expressing potential action	Present Subjunctive May+infinitive Might+infinitive		Wish	Be it so! Suffice it to say… Long live Queen! Far be it from me... God forbid! May success attend you! • May the Force be with you!
	Past Subjunctive	Past Perfect is used for an action referring to the past	Wish; notion, contrary to the fact; hypothetical situation	I only she hadn’t told the police! If only I were younger! If only I hadn’t drunk too much yesterday!
	Would/could/might+ Infinitive	Would + Perfect Infinitive is used for an action referring to the past	Notion, contrary to the fact	I would have eaten a bull!

Credits: icons designed by Freepik, Obesity by Ana Felix from the Noun Project Liar by Luis Prado from the Noun Project
Yawn by Lance Hancock from the Noun Project


www.translantida.ru